The Kaʻū Calendar News Briefs, Hawaiʻi Island

Santa and his reindeer were seen at Kilauea Military Camp. Ka`u residents can vote for their favorite decorated KMC cabin
for one more week. Photo by Dave Berry

HAWAI`I’S ELECTRIC UTILITIES have achieved a Renewable Portfolio Standard of 17.97 percent, which means Hawai`i has effectively surpassed the 2015 interim goal of using 15 percent of renewable resources to create electricity two years early. Programmatic updates have also increased the prevalence and utilization of renewable energy projects statewide, according the state Energy Office’s 2014 annual report.

Hawai`i's reich natural resources support a diverse renewable energy portfolio.
Graph from Hawai`i Energy Office

“By deploying clean energy infrastructure and attracting test bed investments and innovation, Hawai`i is creating a clean energy cluster that is becoming a new driver for our economy,” said Department of Business, Economic Development & Tourism Director Richard Lim. DBEDT oversees the state Energy Office.
“As a result of this progress, we are now committed to going beyond the original target of 40 percent renewable energy by 2030 as outlined in the Hawai`i Clean Energy Initiative,” Lim said.
2014 also marked the launch of the DBEDT-initiated Green Energy Market Securitization program and establishment of the Green Infrastructure Authority pursuant to Act 211. “The creation of innovative programs like this will help raise the capital needed for Hawai`i to pursue its clean energy goals,” Lim said.
“Through our responses to landmark Public Utilities Commission dockets on distributed generation interconnection and utility planning, DBEDT offered its vision for a new utility business model that supports a network of smart, interconnected grids,” Lim said. This will bring higher rates of renewable energy penetration and potential savings to electric utility customers.
“Hawai`i’s leadership in late-stage development and deployment of these technological innovations is a key part of our emerging status as one of the world’s top clean energy test beds.
“It is imperative that Hawai`i remain committed to the energy transformation now underway. Doing so will help bring our energy prices under control, provide greater energy security for Hawai`i, protect our environment and strengthen and diversify our local economy.
See the report at http://energy.hawaii.gov/wpcontent/uploads/2011/10/ERC2014_12.01.14.pdf.
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FLORIDA POWER AND LIGHT “is becoming the ultimate in vertically integrated utilities by owning fuel production, generation, transmission and distribution while minimizing alternatives like rooftop solar and energy efficiency,” according to Henry Curtis, director of Life of the Land, which studies many energy issues and is involved in many dockets considered by the Public Utilities Commission. FPL is a subsidiary of NextEra Energy, the company that is buying Hawaiian Electric Light Co. FPL promotes itself on Hawai`i television stations as using solar energy during the day and natural gas at night to make electricity.
     According to Curtis, Bloomberg News reported that “NextEra Energy Inc. won approval from Florida regulators for its utility to skip the middleman and drill for its own natural gas,” and the Miami Herald reported that “Florida Power & Light wants to get into the natural gas fracking business.”
FPL proposed investing nearly $50 million in a joint venture with Petroquest Energy, Inc. to develop wells in southeastern Oklahoma’s Woodford shale.
Curtis said Florida’s consumer advocate called the proposal “a speculative investment” and claimed that the risk was too high. Ratepayers would save two cents a month over 50 years “but would be left holding the bag if the investment failed.”
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A 68-YEAR-OLD KA`U MAN DIED MONDAY in waters off Ka`alu`alu Bay. Perfecto Mercado, of Na`alehu, was found floating in waters approximately 40 to 50 yards off the bay. Bystanders removed him from the water and moved him to South Point Road. Police and Hawai`i Fire Department medics transported the victim to Kaʻu Hospital, where he was pronounced dead at 6:49 p.m.
An autopsy has been ordered to determine the exact cause of death.
A lifeguard rescue saved a visi†or at Punalu`u yesterday after she drifted far from shore and was unable to swim in. She was taken to Ka`u Hospital and on to Hilo Hospital for an overnight watch and set to be released today.
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HIS ROLE IN STOPPING THE PROPOSED Ka`u spaceport was on Mayor Billy Kenoi’s mind when he testified in opposition to making Keauhou Aquifer System a Ground Water Management Area. When he was a law student, Kenoi drafted the petition to shut down the Ka`u project. He said his first legal effort was “to protect this island. That’s what we do.”
Kenoi referred to Koloko-Honokohau National Historical Park’s petition to create the management area as “a whiff of paternalism” and interpreted it as the federal government telling the county, “You guys don’t know what you’re doing; we gotta come in, help you guys – you don’t know how.” Concerns expressed by some community members are that a management area would restrict development of approved projects including higher education facilities, recreation areas and housing for Native Hawaiians.

Mayor Billy Kenoi
Photo by Julia Neal

Concerns voiced by National Park Service are that increased withdrawal of water from the aquifer could negatively effect Kaloko-Honokohau’s ability to manage public trust resources in the park. The petition states that the designation “is necessary to ensure that optimal conditions exist for the fragile ecosystems that support coastal fisheries, traditional and customary subsistence fishing and shoreline gathering, recreational opportunities, and rare native species.”
Kenoi said all levels of government have the kuleana to malama the island and because the county is protecting the island, a management-area designation is not necessary. He said science, law and proof of violations should be used to make decisions regarding management of the aquifer.
According to science, Kenoi said, the aquifer is not in trouble based on present use and future projections of use.
Regarding law, Kenoi said developers beg him to approve projects that would increase water use, but they have to meet strong requirements.
He said that if violations regarding water management are occurring, he would be the first to make the Department of Water Supply answer such allegations. He called for the concept of strategic allocation to be used regarding water resources.
Kenoi said this is not a conflict with the national park. “You cannot submit one petition because you can; because you like; just because you feel you know you might have the votes on one commission …, just because you are the federal government. This island no exist in a national park; the national park sits in our community, and we’re all here to work together.”
NPS suggests that it is necessary to follow the precautionary principle and interprets state law as saying, “pursuant to that principle, when ‘the water resources in an area may be threatened by existing or proposed withdrawals or diversions of water,’ the Commission has a duty to designate a water management area.
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KA`U HUNTERS CAN RIDE THEIR SLEIGHS to Pohakuloa Training Area Christmas Day and Friday. Army officials are opening several training areas for bow hunting tomorrow from 5 a.m. to 7 p.m. Training areas 1-4, 9, 12-16 and the Keamuku Training Area will be open for shotgun hunting of birds only. Use of shotgun slugs is not permitted.
On Friday from 5 a.m. to 7 p.m., the same areas will be open for bow hunting of mammals only. Hunters are allowed one pig, one goat and one sheep per day, in keeping with state bag limits. Shooting sheep with blue collars is not permitted.
For rules and information about access, see www.garrison.hawaii.army.mil/pta/.

KILAUEA MILITARY CAMP’S CRATER RIM CAFÉ in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park offers a Christmas buffet from 4 p.m. to 7 p.m. Menu items include prime rib au jus, stuffed roast turkey and holiday lamb stew. $26.95 for adults and $13.50 for child 6-11 years old. Open to authorized patrons and sponsored guests. Park entrance fees apply. Call 967-8356 for more information.

AMAHL & THE NIGHT VISITORS PREMIERS Friday at Kilauea Military Camp Theater in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park. KDEN presents the production through Sunday, Jan. 4. Showtimes are Fridays and Saturdays at 7:30 p.m. and Sundays at 2:30 p.m. For tickets, call 982-7344 or email kden73@aol.com.

SUPPORT OUR SPONSORS AT PAHALAPLANTATIONCOTTAGES.COM AND KAUCOFFEEMILL.COM. KA`U COFFEE MILL IS OPEN SEVEN DAYS A WEEK.

Plantation-style and authentic century-old homes near Ka`u High School with sports-fishing boat and American flag on Christmas morning, a dusting of snow above them on Mauna Loa. Photo by Julia Neal

KA`U HOSPITAL AND ITS SISTER medical facilities in Hilo and Kona will go without additional funding, according to the new governor’s proposed 2015 budget. Hawai`i Health Systems Corp., the quasi-state organization that runs the hospitals, asked the Legislature for additional help in order to stave off layoffs and cuts in services. Without funding in the governor’s budget, it will be up to the Legislature to add any extra money for the coming fiscal year.

Poinsettia and Ka`u Coffee on Christmas morning at Jimmy and Lisa Dacalio's
farm on Volcano side of Pahala. Photo by Julia Neal

West Ka`u Sen. Josh Green and Rep. Richard Creagan are the only two physicians in the Legislature and have promised to focus on helping the HHSC system. Proposals include a partnership with The Queens Medical Center or another locally owned health care delivery group.
Referring to his proposed state budget, Ige said that funding for HHSC “is clearly less than what they are asking for… . It really is about getting new leadership on board … so fresh eyes will be looking at the challenge of providing quality health care in rural communities.”
Ka`u Hospital has received funding for numerous upgrades and renovations during the last five years.

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U.S. SEN. MAZIE HIRONO SENT HOLIDAY GREETINGS and an update on her legislative agenda to her Ka`u constituents.

Snow over Norfolks on the slopes of Mauna Loa on Ka`u Christmas morning.
Photo by Julia Neal

“Central to my concerns over the past few months has been the situation in Puna,” Hirono said. “The people there were first battered by Tropical Storm Iselle and have since been faced with a slow-moving but devastating lava flow. I have visited Puna a number of times since Iselle hit and have worked with our Congressional delegation, state, local and federal agencies to bring federal financial support for small businesses, farms and communities impacted by Iselle. This work is far from over, but we have made progress on opening Chain of Craters Road and other issues. Be assured that the work to support our neighbors in Puna will continue and I will fight as hard as I can to get the federal support necessary for recovery and rebuilding.
“I have also been focused on hearing from and supporting Hawai`i’s servicemembers and veterans. In August I chaired a Senate Veterans Affairs Committee hearing on the state of health care services for Hawai`i's veterans. You can learn more about that hearing here: http://www.hirono.senate.gov/press-releases/hirono-hears-from-hawaii-veterans-questions-va-officials-on-health-care-in-hawaii.

“The Senate Veterans’ Affairs Committee that I serve on also worked on a major law to reform how health care is provided to veterans. This bipartisan bill, the Veterans Access, Choice and Accountability Act, was signed into law by President Obama on Aug. 7, 2014. The bill includes a number of important provisions for Hawai`i’s veterans that you can learn more about here: http://www.hirono.senate.gov/press-releases/hirono-attaches-key-wins-for-hawaii-in-bipartisan-veterans-deal.

Holiday greetings from U.S. Sen. Mazie Hirono

“I was also proud to chair a Senate Judiciary Committee hearing in Hawai`i that highlighted ways we can reduce domestic violence in Hawai`i through collaboration between the U.S. Departments of Defense and Justice, as well as state and local stakeholders in Hawai`i. You can find more information at http://www.hirono.senate.gov/news/hirono-headlines/senate-judiciary-hearing_accessing-support-how-the-violence-against-women-act-serves-hawaii-military-families-experiencing-domestic-violence.
“In the closing weeks of the 113th Congress, the Senate approved several important bills including the National Defense Authorization Act, which sets federal defense policy each year. As a member of the Senate Armed Services Committee, I worked to include measures important to our national security in the Asia-Pacific region and Hawai`i’s servicemembers. More information is available here: http://www.hirono.senate.gov/press-releases/senator-hirono-secures-key-measures-for-hawaii-in-defense-authorization-.
“Congress also approved legislation that funds the U.S. government through Sept, 30, 2015. While this bill supports important investments in education, transportation, housing, national defense and other key priorities, negotiators included provisions that make permanent and unnecessary changes to pension, financial reform and campaign finance laws. Congress is responsible for adequately funding the government each year, and the idea that a functional government can be held hostage in exchange for permanent changes that undermine the middle class is unacceptable to me, which is why I voted against the bill. This was a hard decision and a difficult vote, but ultimately I believe it was the right one for Hawai`i’s working families: http://www.hirono.senate.gov/press-releases/senator-hirono-stands-up-for-middle-class-families.
“Finally, as we enjoy the holidays, please know that I will hit the ground running in January on behalf of Hawai`i’s families and communities. I am excited to begin work on several new committees, including the Senate Energy and Natural Resources, Intelligence and Small Business and Entrepreneurship Committees. These new assignments allow me to better serve Hawai`i. My continued work on the Senate Armed Services and Veterans’ Affairs Committees positions Hawai`i to have a strong voice in debates over national security, energy, and economic issues.”

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U.S. Rep. Tulsi Gabbard

U.S. REP. TULSI GABBARD ALSO SENT holiday greetings and an invitation on Congress’s opening day. “Wishing you and your `ohana a wonderful holiday and the very best in the New Year!” Gabbard said. “It’s been an honor to serve the people of Hawai`i and our country in Congress, and I look forward to serving you in the new term, which convenes on Jan. 6, 2015.

“If you happen to be in our nation’s capital, I hope you’ll swing by our new office to share your aloha at an open house reception following the swearing-in ceremony on the House Floor.”

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NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC SOCIETY and the National Park Service at Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park announce BioBlitz and Biodiversity & Cultural Festival, Friday and Saturday, May 15 and 16, 2015. During the free event, teams of scientists, Hawaiian cultural practitioners, students and the public join forces to discover and inventory as many living plants and creatures as possible in the 333,086-acre national park. Expert-led inventory teams will be dispatched through the park to explore the biodiversity that thrives in recent lava flows and native rainforests from coastline to the summit of Kilauea volcano. Entrance fees are waived both days.
Themed I ka nana no a `ike (by observing one learns), the park BioBlitz will be part scientific endeavor, part cultural festival and part outdoor classroom. It will provide a unique opportunity to work alongside leading experts to discover, count and document the living creatures in the park; to contribute to the park’s official species list; to explore interconnectedness of plants, animals, the environment, traditional people and our daily lives; and to help protect the biodiversity and rich culture found in the park.

Native `ohelo berries are found in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park.
Photo from NPS

The park is expanding its 35th annual Cultural Festival to include biodiversity in 2015. At the festival, visitors of all ages will discover how native Hawaiians, as keen observers, lived closely to the land by embodying I ka nana no a `ike principles that continue today. The festival will offer hands-on science and cultural exhibits, food, art and entertainment plus an opportunity to meet individuals and organizations at the forefront of conservation, science and traditional Hawaiian culture — and learn how to join their efforts.
“Explorers” of all ages are needed. BioBlitz base camp and the Biodiversity & Cultural Festival will be located at the Kahua Hula overlooking Halema`uma`u Crater near Kilauea Visitors Center. All events are free and open to the public; however, advance online registration is required to secure a spot on a BioBlitz inventory team. The Biodiversity & Cultural Festival does not require advance registration. To learn more about the BioBlitz, see www.nationalgeographic.com/bioblitz or call 800-638-6400 ext. 6186. For more information about the park, see www.nps.gov/havo.

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A short hike up Pu`u o Lokuana affords a wide view of lower Ka`u.
Photo from NPS

KAHUKU UNIT OF HAWAI`I VOLCANOES National Park offers free outdoor activities this weekend. During Kahuku: Born from a Hotspot Saturday from 9:30 a.m. to 11:30 a.m., participants learn about the birth of the islands from the Hawaiian hotspot and about past eruptions that impacted Kahuku. Visitors identify various pu`u (hills) and other volcanic features and learn about their formation.
A moderately difficult, 0.4-mile hike to the top of Pu`u o Lokuana takes place Sunday, Dec. 28 from 9:30 a.m. to 10:30 a.m. The grassy cinder cone features the formation and various uses of the hill over time and a breathtaking view of lower Ka`u.

A WEEK FROM TODAY, KILAUEA MILITARY CAMP’S Crater Rim Café in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park follows up its Christmas Day brunch with a New Year’s Day brunch from 8 a.m. to 12 p.m. Fee for adults is $16.95; $9.50 for children 6-11 years old. Open to authorized patrons and sponsored guests. Park entrance fees apply.

SUPPORT OUR SPONSORS AT PAHALAPLANTATIONCOTTAGES.COM AND KAUCOFFEEMILL.COM. KA`U COFFEE MILL IS OPEN SEVEN DAYS A WEEK.

See kaucalendar.com/Directory2014.swf.

Volcano residents enjoyed a view of snow atop Mauna Kea Christmas Day. Photo by Tom Peek

THE NEW YEAR BRINGS A NEW MINIMUM WAGE. On Jan. 1, minimum-wage earners get a 50-cents-per-hour raise. The state Legislature passed measures calling for more increases annually through 2018.

Act 82 increases the state’s minimum wage rate to $7.75 per hour beginning Jan. 1, 2015; $8.50 per hour beginning Jan. 1, 2016; $9.25 per hour beginning Jan. 1, 2017; and $10.10 per hour beginning Jan. 1, 2018. It also raises the tip credit to 50 cents per hour beginning Jan. 1, 2015, and 75 cents per hour beginning Jan. 1, 2016, as long as the combined amount the employee receives in wages and tips is at least $7 more than the applicable minimum wage beginning Jan. 1, 2015.

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Vivian Pascubillo and Johnny Bercelona enjoyed a visit from Santa Tom Wright
during Pahala Senior Center's Christmas party. Photos from Julie Pasquale

HAWAI`I FARMERS UNION UNITED is prepared to move into the New Year.

“With the work over the past five years our focus as a board of directors of HFUU, now eight chapters statewide, has been to move forward the mission of Hawai`i Farmers Union United, said Hawai`i state HFUU president Vincent Mina. “We now are a respected voice in the state Legislature for our existing family farmers and those who have the passion to farm yet may not have the wherewithal to do it.
“We also have received county grants to do educational outreach with on-farm mentoring of our youth while holding regular chapter membership meetings sharing locally produced food along with presentations to inspire others in growing their own food. This, along with initiating a national farmers union committee on regenerative agriculture and the local food movement being chaired by your state president.
National Farmers Union President Roger Johnson will be attending Hawai`i meetings in January. “National Farmers Union has extended to us their support and confidence in our ability to have a strong clear voice and action in Legislature through our local chapters advocating for the needs of growing the number of family farms, ranchers and fishers, while supporting the existing ones who value the direction of eco-logical, regenerative and sustainable agricultural practices,” Mina said.

On Tuesday, Jan. 6, HFUU Mina and Johnson will be in Kona to meet with the four Hawai`i Island Chapter presidents and seven Big Island state Representatives.

See hfuuhi.org.
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Fely Villegas unwraps a gift as Rosita Valledor and Perfecta Garcia watch.

PAHALA SENIOR CENTER MEMBERS enjoyed a Christmas Party co-sponsored by Hawai`i County Nutrition Program and Pahala Senior Citizens Club. Membership in the Senior Club is open to anyone age 55 and better. The Senior Nutrition Program is open to anyone age 60 and better.

A favorite game at the center's holiday parties is the Unwrapping Game. There is lots of laughter as the wrapped gift is passed around the circle. When the music stops, whoever has the gift gets to unwrap it as quickly as they can until the music starts again. It goes round and round the circle until someone finally reaches the prize inside the package.

For more information on participating with Pahala Senior Center programs, call Julie Pasquale at 928-3101.

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DURING HER TRIP TO INDIA, U.S. Rep. Tulsi Gabbard said America is not in a position to police every evil across the globe with its limited resources. She met Goa Gov. Mridula Sinha and chief minister Laxmikant Parsekar to discuss ties between the coastal state and Hawai`i on various fronts.
“There are unfortunately very bad people in different parts of the world who are committing horrible atrocities, and this is unacceptable,” Gabbard said. “My view is that the U.S. cannot be in a position to police everyone with the limited resources.

“We need to stay very focused on threats that exists to our country and specifically threat from Islamic extremists,” she said.

The sole Hindu member of Congress said the U.S. can partner with friends and allies to fight against terrorists.

Irene Takahara unwraps a gift as Mary Peralta
cheers her on.

“But the number one priority for U.S. as well as for India should be to keep our people safe and do whatever it takes to make that happen,” she said.

“While different nations may have disagreement on certain issues, this is one issue where leaders of all nation should stand together and position themselves strongly to fight against Islamic extremists and terrorism.”
During her India visit, Gabbard met with several leaders, including Prime Minister Narendra Modi and union external affairs minister Sushma Swaraj.

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JANUARY IS VOLCANO AWARENESS MONTH. “That might seem odd, given that Island of Hawai`i residents—especially those in the District of Puna—have been acutely aware of Kilauea Volcano for at least the past four months, during which an active lava flow crossed a road, burned a farm shed and unoccupied house, inundated a cemetery, damaged orchards and buried sections of private property,” Hawaiian Volcano Observatory scientists state in the current issue of Volcano Watch. “Today, the lava flow continues to threaten the community of Pahoa.
“Indeed, since Hawai`i is home to two of the world’s most active volcanoes — Kilauea and Mauna Loa — the need for volcano awareness should not be limited to a single month.

“But in 2010, Hawai`i County Mayor Billy Kenoi proclaimed January as Volcano Awareness Month as a way to promote the importance of understanding the volcanoes on which we live. The USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory selected January as the official month, largely because January 3 is the day that Klauea’s East Rift Zone (Pu`u `O`o) eruption began in 1983.
In addition to the 32nd anniversary of the ongoing East Rift Zone eruption, January 2015 marks the 55th anniversary of another notable Kilauea lava flow that impacted the lower Puna District. The eruption began on Jan, 13, 1960, and by the time it ended 36 days later, relentless lava flows had devastated Kapoho village and part of Koae village despite valiant efforts to divert the flows with bulldozed barriers. An account of this eruption is available at http://hvo.wr.usgs.gov/kilauea/history/1960Jan13/.

“The new year also marks the 60th and 65th anniversaries of two other significant eruptions in Hawai`i: the February 1955 Kilauea East Rift Zone eruption, which was the first Kilauea eruption to impact an inhabited area (lower Puna) in more than 100 years, and the June 1950 Mauna Loa Southwest Rift Zone eruption, which sent three lava flows across the highway south of Ho`okena. The first of these Mauna Loa flows traveled from the vent to the ocean, a 15-mile journey, in less than three hours, destroying the village of Pahoehoe along the way.

Rosita Tungpalan, with Pahala Senior Center Site
Manager Julie Paaquale, guessed the correct
number of candies in the jar.

“These Kilauea and Mauna Loa eruptions are just a few reminders of why it’s important to better understand how Hawaiian volcanoes work. Accordingly, HVO, in cooperation with Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park, the University of Hawai`i at Hilo and Hawai`i County Civil Defense, is offering a series of volcano awareness presentations during the month of January.

“Weekly After Dark in the Park programs in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park will feature talks by HVO and UHH volcanologists on Tuesdays, Jan. 6, 13, 20 and 27. Topics include an update on Kilauea Volcano’s ongoing eruptions, explosive versus effusive Kilauea eruptions, the relationship between earthquakes and Mauna Loa eruptions and how pahoehoe lava flows work. Additional updates on Hawai`i’s active volcanoes will be presented at UHH on Jan. 7, in Ocean View on Jan. 14 and in Kailua-Kona on Jan. 28.”

Details about these Volcano Awareness Month presentations, including dates, times, locations and synopses, are posted at http://hvo.wr.usgs.gov. The talks are free and open to the public; park entrance fees apply for the After Dark in the Park programs.

Awareness of Hawaiian volcanoes is possible throughout the year by visiting HVO’s website. Webpages provide daily eruption updates for Kilauea, including maps and photos of the lava flow's advance toward Pahoa, as well as status reports for Mauna Loa and other active volcanoes in Hawai`i. Daily Kilauea lava flow updates are also posted on the Hawaiʻi County Civil Defense website at http://www.hawaiicounty.gov/active-alerts/.
For more technical awareness, Characteristics of Hawaiian Volcanoes, written by current and former HVO staff and collaborators to commemorate HVO’s 100th anniversary in 2012, is now available online at http://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/. This 10-chapter volume reviews HVO’s research history and presents our current understanding of Hawaiian volcanism, along with new data on eruption dynamics, hazards and more.
“We encourage you to check out the 2015 Volcano Awareness Month schedule — and hope that you will join us in January,” HVO staff said. “It’s a great time to learn more about Hawaiian volcanoes and to meet some of the HVO scientists who study and monitor them.
“Until then, we wish everyone safe and happy holidays.”

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KAHUKU UNIT OF HAWAI`I VOLCANOES National Park offers free outdoor activities this weekend. During Kahuku: Born from a Hotspot tomorrow from 9:30 a.m. to 11:30 a.m., participants learn about the birth of the islands from the Hawaiian hotspot and about past eruptions that impacted Kahuku. Visitors identify various pu`u (hills) and other volcanic features and learn about their formation.
A moderately difficult, 0.4-mile hike to the top of Pu`u o Lokuana takes place Sunday, Dec. 28 from 9:30 a.m. to 10:30 a.m. The grassy cinder cone features the formation and various uses of the hill over time and a breathtaking view of lower Ka`u.

SUPPORT OUR SPONSORS AT PAHALAPLANTATIONCOTTAGES.COM AND KAUCOFFEEMILL.COM. KA`U COFFEE MILL IS OPEN SEVEN DAYS A WEEK.

See kaucalendar.com/Directory2014.swf.

Gov. David Ige has reappointed Scott Enright as chief of the state Department of Agriculture, which is stewarding rehabilitation of Ka`u's Old plantation water systems for irrigation of diversified agriculture. Photo from the Olson Trust

BIG ISLANDER SCOTT ENRIGHT will continue as state Department of Agriculture chief. Enright, a veteran of the sugar industry, has been involved in stewarding rehabilitation of Ka`u’s old plantation water systems that were comprised of horizontal shafts dug into the side of Mauna Loa Volcano, where water would flow out into flumes used to carry sugar cane to the mills. The plan is to use the water for diversified agriculture, and millions of dollars have been approved and surveys completed for tunnels between Kapapala and Wai`ohinu.

Scott Enright

Enright has held the position since Jan. 1, 2014. Formerly deputy to BOA Chair Russell Kokubun, he was the administrator of the state Department of Agriculture Divisions of Plant Industry and Agricultural Development, managed USDA’s Specialty Crop Block Grant funding program and directed Human Resources for the Office of the Chair. He also directed biosecurity programs and led initiatives to revitalize the state’s livestock industry with special focus on developing the dairy and grass-fed beef industries.
Gov. David Ige today announced Enright’s appointment yesterday, along with five others.
“All of these appointees display a leadership style that will move Hawai`i forward for the benefit of the public interest,” Ige said. “There is hard work to be done, and together we will address the issues facing our state in a direct and forthright manner.”
Phyllis Shimabukuro-Geiser will join Enright as deputy director. The longtime Hawai`i agriculture advocate currently serves as president of Mikilua Poultry Farm in Waianae and vice president of Associated Producers Corp. in Honolulu. Shimabukuro-Geiser is a member of Hawai`i Farm Bureau Federation, World Poultry Science Association and Gamma Sigma Delta Agricultural Honor Society.

Jobie Masagatani

Jobie Masagatani will be retained as chair of Hawaiian Homes Commission and director of Department of Hawaiian Home Lands. Masagatani previously served as deputy director at DHHL from 1995 to 2002 and as director since 2012. Additionally, Masagatani was the special assistant to the CEO of the Office of Hawaiian Affairs, an assistant to the president and CEO of The Queen’s Health Systems, where she focused on Native Hawaiian health and a land investment analyst for Kamehameha Schools.
Serving as deputy to Masagatani will be William Aila, Jr. The former chair of the Board of Land and Natural Resources and head of the Department of Land and Natural Resources planned and directed the various activities of the department encompassing public lands of the state; water resources and minerals thereon; forest, fish and game resources of the state; and management of the forest reserve, state parks, small boat harbors and historic sites. Aila was integral to the International Union for Conservation of Nature decision to hold its 2016 IUCN World Conservation Congress in Hawai`i.

Catherine Awakuni Colon

Catherine Awakuni Colón has been appointed director of the Department of Commerce and Consumer Affairs. Currently, Awakuni is cable administrator in DCCA’s Cable Television Division and served as the department’s executive director for its Division of Consumer Advocacy from 2006 to 2009. She previously served as chief legal counsel and commission counsel for Hawai`i Public Utilities Commission. Awakuni holds her J.D. from University of Hawai`i’s William S. Richardson School of Law.

Jo Ann Uchida Takeuchi continues her service as deputy director of DCCA. Takeuchi has been with the DCCA for nearly 25 years, serving in various staff and leadership capacities. Prior to her appointment as deputy director in 2012 she was the complaints-and-enforcement officer with DCCA’s Regulated Industries Complaints Office. Prior to that position, Takeuchi was executive director of DCCA’s Office of Consumer Protection after having served as a senior attorney to the OCP.

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KA`U SCENIC BYWAY COMMITTEE has completed design of the Na`alehu Park kiosk and is awaiting approval from County Parks & Recreation Department.
A graphic of an underwater cliff at Ka Lae from Frank Trusdell at Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park has been approved for inclusion on the information panel.
Committee member Rita Pregana announced at the committee’s December meeting that she has retired from Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park. Keola Awong is replacing her on the byways committee.
The committee has removed graffiti damage from signage at the Ocean View turnout. Graffiti on metal posts was removed with a solvent, scratches in the frame were painted over, and paste wax used to fill etched damage on panels themselves.
Chairman Rich Morrow has been working on posting the byways guide on the website. The committee gave its approval to move forward and, if possible, link to The Ka`u Calendar’s website.

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Santa Eddie Andrade, flanked by Pahala Community Association members
Sec. Maria Aurielio, Advisor Lita Eugeno, Treas. Suliana Mitsunaga,
Prs. Hilaria panglao, Advisor Pauline Enriques and keiki
Chesea Aurelio and Emerald Aurelio.

PAHALA FILIPINO COMMUNITY ASSOCIATION wishes everyone a happy New Year following its annual Christmas Party. Pres. Hilaria Panglao said the organization is a nonprofit, self-help association and accepts honorary members who enjoy the multicultural experience. The goal is to help members and their families, including school children and those bound for higher education.
Pahala Filipino Community Association offers up to three higher education scholarships per year. “We help children, their families and others to build a stronger community,” she said.

Panglao thanked outgoing officers: Vice President Gary Tomondong, Secretary Ella Louis and Treasurer Sally Louis “for their love and care to our association.”
As returning President, Panglao also welcomed new officers: Vice President Jerry Villa, Secretary Alita Aurelio, Treasurer Suliana Mitsunaga and Advisors Pauline Enriques and Lita Eugenio.
For more information and to join, call Panglao at 928-8261.
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FIREWORKS PERMITS ARE AVAILABLE for purchase through midnight on New Year’s Eve at the following locations for the upcoming New Year’s celebration:
Fire Administration Office, Hilo County Building, 25 Aupuni Street, Suite 2501, 8 a.m. – 4 p.m. on Dec. 26, 29, 30, and 31; and
Kona Fire Prevention Office, West Hawai`i Civic Center, 74-5044 Ane Keohokalole Hwy, Bldg E, second floor, 10 a.m. – 4 p.m. on Dec. 26, 29, 30, and 31.

Fireworks permits are available through New Year's Eve.

Fireworks permits are also sold at the following firecracker vending outlets:

TNT Tent, Waiakea Center Parking Lot, 325 Maka`ala Street, Hilo;
TNT Tent, Kona Crossroads Parking Lot, 75-1027 Henry Street, Kailua-Kona;
KTA Puainako, 50 E. Puainako Street, Hilo
Pacific Fireworks Kona, 75-5629 Kuakini Hwy, Kailua-Kona;
KTA Kona, Kona Coast Shopping Center, 74-5594 Palani Rd. Kailua Kona;
Long’s Drug Prince Kuhio Plaza, 111 E. Puainako St., Hilo.

Each permit costs $25 and will entitle the holder to purchase 5,000 individual firecrackers. Multiple permit purchases are authorized. Permits shall only be issued to persons 18 years of age or older and are non-transferable and non-refundable. Permits are not required for purchasing novelties and paperless firecrackers. Setting off of fireworks are allowed between the hours of 9 p.m. on New Year’s Eve and 1 a.m. on New Year’s Day. Permits shall be visibly displayed at the site of use during the time of the firing.
For more information on purchasing fireworks permits or use of fireworks, call the Fire Prevention Bureau at 932-2912 in Hilo or 323-4760 in Kona.

KAHUKU UNIT OF HAWAI`I VOLCANOES National Park offers a moderately difficult, 0.4-mile hike to the top of Pu`u o Lokuana tomorrow from 9:30 a.m. to 10:30 a.m. The grassy cinder cone features the formation and various uses of the hill over time and a breathtaking view of lower Ka`u.

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SUPPORT OUR SPONSORS AT PAHALAPLANTATIONCOTTAGES.COM AND KAUCOFFEEMILL.COM. KA`U COFFEE MILL IS OPEN SEVEN DAYS A WEEK.

See kaucalendar.com/Directory2014.swf.

THE LITTLE FIRE ANT INVASION AND BATTLE in Hawai`i is making international news with Associated Press circulating a story telling of the pest reaching Maui through a shipment from Big Island and the state Department of Agriculture lacking sufficient resources for an effective eradication campaign.

The story says when LFA were first detected in 1999 on this island, officials deemed the population too widespread for eradication. Ten years later, LFA were found on a farm on Maui and eradicated only nine months ago.
Three months ago, officials found the largest LFA infestation so far in Hawai`i on 20 acres of forest near Nahiku on the northeastern shore of Maui.

LFA are small even under magnification. Photo from DLNR

Agriculture officials also continue to battle a 13-acre infestation at Kalihiwai, Kauai, where they say the ant appears to be under control.
According to the story, the annual impact could reach $170 million if LFA become established on O`ahu.

Randy Bartlett, interagency coordinator with Hawai`i Invasive Species Council, said, “The (state Agriculture) Department doesn’t have enough personnel, and the ant could turn up anywhere. If everyone would just look in their own backyard, it could go a long way to getting on top of this.
“What we’ve seen so far could be just the tip of the iceberg.”

Anyone finding little fire ants can call Hawai`i Ant Lab at 315-5656. For more information on little fire ants and how to control them, see www.littlefireants.com.

See hawaiitribune-herald.com.

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POPULATION GROWTH IN HAWAI`I is a result of foreign immigration and births compared to deaths, rather than an influx of people moving here from the mainland, according to an Associated Press story reporting that Hawai`i’s population grew by 10,500 since the 2010 census. U.S. Census figures also show that more Hawai`i residents moved out of state than arrived from the mainland.
The rate was higher than the national growth figure of 0.7.
Breaking down the figure, almost eight in 10 new Hawai`i residents resulted from the difference between births and deaths, and 20 percent was the difference between people arriving from and moving to foreign countries.
Residents migrating from Hawai`i to other states in 2014 numbered 5,141.
See hawaiitribune-herald.com.

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A prototype bus in Sweden wirelessly gets electricity
from charging stations at bus stops.

THE FUTURE OF ENERGY AND ELECTRICITY is on Henry Curtis’ mind as the New Year approaches. Curtis is director of Life of the Land and involved in several energy dockets under consideration by Hawai`i’s Public Utilities Commission.
“How will the delivery of energy and electricity change over the next five or ten years? How will consumer demand change? How do we envision our future?” Curtis asks. “These questions need to be answered before we determine what business structure is best for delivering that service and who should serve in that role.
“Scania is testing Sweden’s first wirelessly charged hybrid city bus. Starting June 2016 a prototype will go into daily operation in Södertälje. The system uses induction to wirelessly transfer electricity from a charging station located under the road surface to a battery on the bus. The transfer takes six-seven minutes. In the future buses could get a 30-second charge at each of several bus stops.
“Hawai`i has been a lab for testing scientific breakthroughs. In 2008 a solar beam was successfully sent from Maui to the Big Island through 92 miles of air. A successfully demonstration of the world’s first robotic underwater vehicle powered entirely by ocean thermal energy conversion occurred off Hawai`i in 2009-2010. Temperature differentials in different layers of the ocean provided all of the power necessary to move and operate the ship.
“In recent years there have been a number of impressive technological breakthroughs. Imagine desk laptops, storage, video cameras, cell phones and game controllers but without the jumble of interconnecting wires. Electric and magnetic fields have successfully transferred electricity through the air.
“Regenerative breaking energy storage systems allow the energy caused by slowing down to be used to recharge batteries. Energy can be harvested from weight, motion, vibration and temperature changes … . Israeli engineers are testing a new road surface containing piezoelectric crystals that produce electricity when they are squeezed.
“Airplanes have been charged in mid-air by aiming ground-based lasers at panels on the underside of their wings. A combination of ground-based, plane-based and satellite-based solar arrays could gather solar energy and beam it to lightweight rocket ships seeking to leave the earth’s gravitational field.
“For more than ten years it has been possible to send data and power over the same lines. In 2004 the FCC established regulations for Broadband over Power Lines. Sandia National Laboratories is now developing Power-over-Fiber Optic Communication Cables. Some U.S. utilities offer combined packages including cable, telephone and electric service.”
See ililanimedia.blogspot.com.

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Lava diversion was attempted when an eruption threatened Zafferana Etnea
in 1991 and 1992. Photo from wikipedia

HAWAIIAN VOLCANO OBSERVATORY scientists tackle lava diversion in the current issue of Volcano Watch.

“What does it take to successfully divert a lava flow?” they ask.
“In discussions about lava diversion, Italy and Iceland often are touted as places where lava flows have been successfully diverted. But what did it take for those efforts to succeed?
“With the eruptions in Italy and Iceland, successful slowing or diversion of the lava flows required costly and time-consuming efforts for months at a time. The successes were not the result of building just one barrier, breaching just one lava tube or spraying water on a lava flow for only a few days. Each required multiple and/or continuous efforts that lasted for as long as the eruptions produced threatening lava flows.
“Importantly, none of these eruptions threatened populated areas for more than a few months. Would the outcome have been different had the eruptions produced threatening lava flows for many years? This unanswered question is the source of debate when declaring lava diversion a success.
“As with many success stories, the devil is in the details.
“So, using the 1991-93 Mount Etna eruption as our first example, we will look at the details of what it took to successfully divert the lava.
On Dec. 14, 1991, Etna began erupting, sending lava toward the town of Zafferana Etnea, located six miles downslope of the active vents. On Jan. 1, 1992, workers began constructing a 256-yard-long, 69-foot-high barrier about 1.2 miles above the town. But on Jan. 9, the lava flow front stalled and activity became focused upslope. By early March, another lobe of lava passed the original stalled front, reached the barrier March 14, and overtopped it by April 10.
“The barrier successfully delayed the lava for a month, but flows continued to threaten Zafferana, and the population prepared for evacuation. Three more short barriers were built to slow the lava flow’s advance, but they, too, were overtopped.
“Meanwhile, plans for a different kind of lava-control project were enacted farther upslope. Per this plan, explosives were used to open up the feeder lava tube in an attempt to slow the flow’s advance. After four unsuccessful attempts, the lava was successfully redirected into an artificial channel in late May. Robbed of its supply, the flow advancing toward Zafferana stalled.
“By June 1992, the eruption rate had decreased by half and lava flows were only active upslope. Lava no longer was threatening Zafferana. and efforts to slow or divert the lava were no longer required. The eruption ended in March 1993, after 16 months of volcanic activity and about five months of work to control the flow.
“Our second example focuses on the 1973 Icelandic eruption.

Wednesday is the deadline to vote for favorite cabin decorations
at Kilauea Military Camp. Photo by Dave Berry

“In January 1973, Eldfell volcano on the island of Heimaey erupted an `a`a lava flow. During the next five months, billions of gallons of seawater were pumped through an elaborate network of pipes laid out across the lava to cool the flow and slow its advance toward Heimaey’s only harbor, the lifeline of the island and a critical economic resource for the entire country. The fragmental nature of the lava flow’s surface allowed the seawater to penetrate deep into the flow and cool the lava near its core, and the advance of the flow was slowed as the flow front thickened dramatically.
“The eruption ended before the lava flow inundated the harbor, but the diversion effort required round-the-clock maintenance of the pipe and pump network until the eruption stopped in July.”

See hvo.wr.usgs.gov.

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THE HOLIDAY CHALLENGE at Kilauea Military Camp in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park continues through New Year’s Eve. The public can judge cottages decorated in holiday lights by KMC employees and vote for their favorites. Park entrance fees apply. Call 967-8371 for more information.

SUPPORT OUR SPONSORS AT PAHALAPLANTATIONCOTTAGES.COM AND KAUCOFFEEMILL.COM. KA`U COFFEE MILL IS OPEN SEVEN DAYS A WEEK.

Ka`u residents can help prevent fires and injuries during popular New Year's Eve neighborhood celebrations. Photo from wikipedia

TO HELP MAKE THE HOLIDAYS GREENER, the Solid Waste Division of the Department of Environmental Management offers Treecycling through Jan. 17.
Holiday trees can be left in the designated areas at any of the county Solid Waste Division facilities, including Volcano, Pahala and Wai`ohinu, during normal business hours. Miloli`i and Ocean View are not accepting trees.

Trees should be free from all decorations, stands, lights, tinsel and ornaments. Artificial and flocked trees are not accepted. Any flocked trees, artificial trees or trees with tinsel are not recyclable and may be disposed of in the regular trash chutes.
Solid Waste Facility attendants will direct the public to the proper drop-off point. For more information or a map and directions to drop-off locations, go to http://www.hawaiizerowaste.org/facilities/
Also recyclable are Kadomatsu decorations, which are normally a combination of bamboo, pine and flowers. Kadomatsu is a tradition that began 600 years ago in Japan as a way of offering luck in the New Year.

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HAWAI`I ENERGY IS RE-LAUNCHING its solar water heating tune-up rebate of $150. According to reports from the ratepayer-funded energy conservation and efficiency program, it provided 826 tune-up rebates to residents totaling $123,900 during last year’s four-month, limited-time offer.

The tune-up rebates are available from Jan. 5 through May 31 or while funding lasts.
To qualify for the rebate, systems must be at least three years old, and the tune-up must be performed by a participating Hawai`i Energy contractor.
Maintenance every three to five years to check for normal wear and tear and make repairs can help solar water heaters last 15 years or more.

Hawai`i Energy said it also offers $1,000 instant rebates when purchasing solar water heating systems.

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NEXTERA ENERGY’S PURCHASE of Hawaiian Electric Industries will be very good for Hawai`i, according to Richard Ha, a promoter of geothermal energy who owns Hamakua Springs Country Farms.

“Here’s what we know about NextEra: It’s a publicly traded company headquartered in Florida. Its principal subsidiaries include Florida Power & Light Company, which was recognized by Market Strategies International earlier this year as the nation’s most trusted electric utility, and NextEra Energy Resources, which together with its affiliated entities (NextEra Energy Resources), is North America’s largest producer of renewable energy from the wind and sun …” writes Ha on his blog at hahaha.hamakuasprings.com.
“NextEra has the balance sheet and other resources to support significant investment in Hawai`i’s transmission and distribution system to enable much higher levels of renewable energy sources.
“Most of all, this change in ownership of our electrical utility will finally make much needed new and different approaches possible. What we all want is a lower cost of electricity.
“And each island needs to take advantage of its own resources. One size does not fit all. For example, the Big Island and Maui each have the options of using wind, solar and possibly geothermal and some biofuel … .
“We are unique on the Big Island. Beside solar, wind and biofuels, we have proven geothermal. Once it’s developed, geothermal wants to run 100 percent of the time, and the more it runs, the cheaper it is to the ratepayers.
“What if we guaranteed the geothermal developer, say, 25 megawatts, and put no restriction on generating electricity for hydrogen manufacturing over and above the 25MW. If, for instance, the geothermal company installed a 30MW generator, they could sell 25MW to the utility and sell the excess 5MW cheap to make hydrogen. That would solve our liquid transportation problem, via hydrogen fuel cells, and we could make nitrogen fertilizer so as not to be dependent on petroleum byproducts. That’s only one example of what we could do with new thinking… .
“This sales is an unexpected but very interesting turn of events. We welcome NextEra.”

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The slow advance of lava toward Pahoa continues.
Photo from Hawai`i County

HAWAI`I COUNTY CIVIL DEFENSE reported this morning that the leading tip of the active flow advanced 20 yards since yesterday afternoon. The flow front is now 0.4 miles or 680 yards from Pahoa Marketplace and remains 0.6 miles or 1050 yards from the intersection of Hwy 130 and Pahoa Village Road. The flow remains active behind the front in several areas.

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KA`U RESIDENTS CAN HELP prevent fires and also avoid unnecessary injuries caused by fireworks each year during New Year’s Eve celebrations.
It is illegal for anyone to remove powder or pyrotechnic contents from any firework and throw fireworks from, at or into any vehicle.
It is also illegal to set off any fireworks:

At any time not within the specified time periods; Within 1,000 feet of any hospital, convalescent home, care home for the elderly, zoo, animal hospital or shelter or church when services are held;
On any school property without authorization from the said school official;
On any public way such as a highway, alley, street, sidewalk, or park.
Offer for sale, sell or give any fireworks to minors; or for any minor to possess, purchase, sell, or set off, ignite or otherwise cause to explode any fireworks, except under the immediate supervision of an adult;
Set off any aerial luminary devices, commonly called Sky Lanterns or Hawai`i Lanterns, or any other aerial devices, such as bottle rockets, sky rockets, roman candles, cakes, mortars or shells.

Use extreme care when setting off fireworks. Children playing with fireworks should be under an adult’s close supervision at all times. Even the smallest of fireworks can cause severe injuries that will quickly ruin the holidays.
Fireworks should be set off in an area well away from dry grass or flammable materials.
Be sure fireworks are completely extinguished before being disposed of.
Have a fire extinguisher and/or a water hose ready to use in the event of an unplanned or unexpected fire. Be sure water hoses can reach all areas where fireworks activities are being conducted, especially around the entire house. It’s also a great idea to wet down any dry, grassy area before and after setting off fireworks.

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Kilauea Military Camp's holidays are busy, with the Holiday Challenge cabin
decorating competition, New Year's Eve party and New Year's Day brunch.
Photo from KMC

KILAUEA MILITARY CAMP in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park offers New Year’s events. New Year’s Eve party begins Wednesday at 8 p.m. at KMC’s Lava Lounge, with Mile 25 providing dance music. No cover charge, plus a midnight toast. For more information, call 967-8365.

Crater Rim Café features New Year’s Day Brunch Thursday from 8 a.m. to 12 p.m. Fee for adults is $16.95 and $9.50 for children 6-11 years old. Open to authorized patrons and sponsored guests. Park entrance fees apply.

THE CHRISTMAS IN THE COUNTRY EXHIBIT of holiday wreaths and unique ornaments continues through Sunday, Jan. 4 at Volcano Art Center Gallery in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park. Gallery hours are 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily. Park entrance fees apply.

KDEN’S PRODUCTIONS OF AMAHL & THE NIGHT VISITORS continue at Kilauea Military Camp Theater in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park through Sunday, Jan. 4. Showtimes are Fridays and Saturdays at 7:30 p.m. and Sundays at 2:30 p.m. For tickets, call 982-7344 or email kden73@aol.com.

SUPPORT OUR SPONSORS AT PAHALAPLANTATIONCOTTAGES.COM AND KAUCOFFEEMILL.COM. KA`U COFFEE MILL IS OPEN SEVEN DAYS A WEEK.

See kaucalendar.com/Directory2014.swf.

Royal Hawaiian Orchards recently installed 15 drying towers for in-shell macadamia nuts and expects to install an additional 14
at its husking plant between Pahala and Hwy 11. Photo by Julia Neal

FIFTEEN NEW DRYING TOWERS at Royal Hawaiian Orchards in Pahala have made Ka'u one of its tri-coastal locations for processing macadamia. The new metal towers each hold about 70,000 to 80,000 pounds of in-shell macadamia, which dry over about eight days, using heat generated by propane burners. After drying, the macadamia are poured into shipping containers and sent to China where the nuts are cracked. After cracking, kernels are shipped to California for processing into various macadamia products.

Royal Hawaiian Orchards husks and dries nuts in Pahala from its orchards in Ka'u and its orchards in Kea'au. Another 14 towers may be installed in the future.
Royal Hawaiian, formerly ML Macadamia, LLC, sold macadamis nuts in the past to Mauna Loa Macadamia but has developed its own product line, promoting the healthy eating of macadamia and its non-GMO qualities.
Royal Hawaiian is one of the larger employers in Ka'u, with more than 120 workers, including a regular staff all year and a larger crew during harvest time. See royalhawaiianorchards.com. To comment on or like this story, go to facebook.com/kaucalendar.

Kahuku Iki is a 222 acre property between Ocean View and
Na`alehu, just acquired by The Nature Conservancy.

KAHUKU IKI, a 222-acre property between Ocean View and Na`alehu, has been purchased by The Nature Conservancy, the non-profit organization reported today. "Acquisition of the parcel, known as Kahuku Iki, prevents it from being developed and opens the possibility of a future partnership with neighboring Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park," said a statement from TNC.

The land was acquired from the real estate company Hulu Lolo, LLC, for $330,000, plus closing costs.
Triangular in shape, Kahuku Iki is zoned Agriculture. Its southerly, makai boundary extends 1.6 miles along Highway 11. Its northerly, mauka boundary is the abandoned old Māmalahoa Highway.
According to the state Department of Business Economic Development & Tourism, an estimated two million visitors a year drive past this parcel coming from both the Hilo and Kona directions.

“This is a small but very strategic piece of property that could have easily become an agricultural sub-division or strip mall,” said Jody Kaulukukui, the Conservancy’s director of land protection. “But with the Conservancy purchase, ag sub-division, clearing and development, which are permissible on agriculturally zoned lands, are no longer a threat.”

Hawaiian rock walls and dryland forest are features of Kahuku Iki.
Photo from TNC

Above Highway 11, the Kahuku Iki parcel is surrounded by the 116,000-acre Kahuku unit of Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park, which has expressed a strong interest in eventually having the property transferred to the National Park Service, the statement said.

"Aquiring this small parcel would provide the park with greater flexibility in providing a safe and scenic access to the Kahuku unit,” said Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park Superintendent Cindy Orlando. “The park would also explore working with the state to develop a parking area for a few cars off the Old Mamalahoa Highway as a trailhead to the 1868 lava flow and rare native dryland forest, as well as a potential trail following the historic Kahuku-ʻAinapō Trail alignment to connect other trails in lower Kahuku.”
The Nature Conservancy has a long history of cooperation with Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park. In 2003, the two organizations jointly purchased the 116,000-acre Kahuku Ranch for addition to the park, which became its Kahuku unit. The purchase was the largest land transaction in Hawaiʻi history and increased the then 217,000-acre park by fifty percent.
Any future sale to the Park Service would be subject to available federal funding and is at least two to four years down the road, Kaulukukui said. For now, the land will be managed as a Nature Conservancy preserve.

Hoawa, Native Hawaiian plant at Kahuku Iki
Photo from TNC

The property may be added onto the Kahuku section of Hawai`i
Volcanoes National Park. Photo from TNC

Conservancy surveys have found that the property sits on the boundary between excellent lowland mesic and lowland dry forest habitat, which is increasingly rare in Hawaiʻi. Native plants found at the site include ‘ōhiʻa, ulei, pukiawe, hoawa and aʻaliʻi. Native birds include the Hawaiian hawk (ʻio) and two honeycreepers (ʻapapane and ʻamakihi). It is believed that the native Hawaiian hoary bat (ʻōpeʻapeʻa) is also in the area.
Because no conservation management has ever occurred on the property, portions of it are significantly impacted by mouflon sheep and Christmas berry, an invasive weed, stated The Nature Conservancy.
Kahuku Iki is located nine miles from the Conservancy’s 8,089-acre Kona Hema Preserve and 5.25 miles from its 3,511-acre Kaʻū Preserve. The land is part of 15,000 acres that the non-profit manages on Hawaiʻi Island. Together with its partners, the Conservancy has helped protect more than 200,000 acres across the state.
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CHRISTMAS IN THE COUNTRY'S display and sale of holiday wreaths and unique ornaments continues and many diverse works of art continues through Sunday, Jan. 4 at Volcano Art Center Gallery in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park. Gallery hours are 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily. Park entrance fees apply.

KILAUEA MILITARY CAMP’S Crater Rim Café in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park follows up its Christmas Day brunch with a New Year’s Day brunch from 8 a.m. to 12 p.m. Fee for adults is $16.95; $9.50 for children 6-11 years old. Open to authorized patrons and sponsored guests. Park entrance fees apply.

AMAHL & THE NIGHT VISITORS continues at Kilauea Military Camp Theater in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park. KDEN presents the production through Sunday, Jan. 4. Showtimes are Fridays and Saturdays at 7:30 p.m. and Sundays at 2:30 p.m. For tickets, call 982-7344 or emailkden73@aol.com.

SUPPORT OUR SPONSORS AT PAHALAPLANTATIONCOTTAGES.COM AND KAUCOFFEEMILL.COM. KA`U COFFEE MILL IS OPEN SEVEN DAYS A WEEK.

Trini and Francis Marques, two of the founders of the Ka`u Coffee industry, moving from sugar plantation work to coffee nearly
two decades ago, took first in the Ka`u division of the Hawai`i Coffee Association 2014 cupping competition.
Photo from Ali`i Hawaiian Hula Hands.

THE PLIGHT OF KA`U COFFEE GROWERS remains the top story in Ka`u, with some 30 farmers transitioning from 2014 into 2015, with most of their leases expired after nearly two decades of work to build a new economy after the sugar industry shut down in 1996. The farms are within 5,800 acres offered for sale by Lehman Brothers Holdings, which foreclosed on a company that borrowed more than $40 million against the land and planned to subdivide and sell it. They promised that new owners of proposed coffee estates would allow the coffee growers to continue to farm around the houses the new buyers could build. The Project Unit Development that was approved for the subdivision, with numerous infrastructure requirements, is still in place.
However, new rules for approving PUDs were recently passed by the County Council, requiring more public review of the process before approval. In the past, as with the coffee lands, such subdivisions could be approved with smaller than 20-acre lots for which the property is zoned.
Meanwhile, coffee growers thrive, many of them evolving from sugar workers to entrepreneurs, owning their own coffee businesses and homes, representing one of the most successful post-plantation, small business successes for local people in Hawai`i.
Some of these farmers are spreading their land security risk, realizing that new owners could evict them at Moa`ula and Pear Tree. A number of these Ka`u Coffee growers have planted additional coffee farms on Olson Trust land at the mouth of Wood Valley. Hawai`i Farm Bureau President Chris Manfredi said he will advocate for long term leases for the farmers.
Mayor Billy Kenoi and newly elected County Council member Maile David Medeiros have vowed to advocate for land security for the Ka`u Coffee farmers. To comment on or like this story, go to facebook.com/kaucalendar.

Ka`u Gym and Regional Diaster Shelter nears completion.
Photo by Julia Neal

REGIONAL SHELTER & GYM NEARS COMPLETION. Known as the biggest gym at one of the smallest public schools in the state, the soon-to-be completed Ka`u gymnasium and disaster shelter will be operated by the county Department of Parks & Recreation for both the public and Ka`u High & Pahala Elementary and Intermediate schools. The nearly $20 million facility will offer multiple playing courts for basketball, volleyball and other sports. It is built with the kind of hardening that allows it to be certified as a disaster shelter for the region. Whether air conditioning and air filtration for the huge gym and shelter, and solar voltaics to support them could be added, is still in question. The facility on county property adjacent to the Pahala school campus was funded with “shovel ready” state and federal money after the 2008 financial collapse in the U.S. economy.To comment on or like this story, go to facebook.com/kaucalendar.

Maps of Ka`u land use are at www.kaucdp.info.

KA`U COMMUNITY DEVELPOMENT PLAN is in draft for public review and provides exhaustive detail on the geography and population of the district. The county-sponsored document, a primer for community members, school students and anyone desiring to know Ka`u, can be read at www.kaucdp.info and in hard copy at local libraries and community centers. The Ka`u Community Development Plan offers many maps, showing land use, agriculture and other components of Ka`u’s people and place. Community members can also reach out to county planner Ron Whitmore at 961-8137 or rwhitmore@co.hawaii.hi.us. The public may contact Ka`u Community Development Plan Steering Committee members: Chair Leina`ala Enos, 929-9022; Patti Barry, 937-3124; Bob DaMate, 497-0384; Ron Ebert, 928-0027; Leina`ala Enos, 929-9022; Michelle Galimba, 430-4927; Loren Heck, 939-9454; Eldridge Naboa, 936-2189; Marino Ramones, 928-8240; Simon Torres, Jr., 928-6103; and John Cross, 987-4229.
Issues include a proposed quarter mile development setback along the Ka`u Coast and future zoning for population and economic growth.
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Hawaiian Volcano Observatory scientists stand on new lava behind
olderrocks that got thrown several yards during a methane explosion
in front of the shrub at center. Photo from USGS/HVO

HAWAIIAN VOLCANO OBSERVATORY, located on the edge of Ka`u in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park, took on the monumental task of predicting, documenting and studying a lava flow that started June 27 and is threatening Pahoa and other lower Puna communities with destroying homes and businesses and isolating thousands by cutting off roads. By New Years Eve, one home had burned. However, the flowing fingers of lava stopped and stalled as a shopping center shut down and some businesses and families abandoned their buildings. Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park worked with the county and state to open an escape route across an old road from Kalapana into the park that was previously covered with lava.
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New drying towers at Royal Hawaiian Orchards
Photo by Julia Neal

LOCAL FOOD COMPANIES TOOL UP FOR THE FUTURE. Punalu`u Bake Shop, having won a contract to provide its cookies to Hawaiian Airlines, is near completion of a new cookie kitchen on the grounds of its bakery and visitor center in Na`alehu. Royal Hawaiian Orchards installed 15 drying towers in Pahala to remove moisture from macadamia nuts in the shell before they are shipped and cracked. Ka`u Coffee Mill installed a new double drum pulper which can handle more 30,000 pounds a day. Work continued on a hydroelectric plant slated for completion in late 2015 on Olson Trust lands at the mouth of Wood Valley. To comment on or like this story, go to facebook.com/kaucalendar.

Ka`u Trojans take the BIIF Championship for eight man football after helping to start the league for smaller schools.
Photo from Ka`u Trojans

KA`U HIGH TROJANS WIN BIIF CHAMPIONSHIP. Ka`u High School, with one of the smallest campus populations in the state from which to suit up a football team, found a way to be competitive. Athletic Director Kalei Kamohala and coach Kainoa Ke proposed eight-man football, a higher scoring faster paced game with fewer players than traditional football. The idea became a reality in 2013 and in 2014 the Trojans became the Big Island Interscholastic Federation champions. To comment on or like this story, go to facebook.com/kaucalendar.

The clubhoue at Discover Harbour will be campus for Ka`u Learning Academy
Photo from Ka`u Learning Academy

A NEW CHARTER SCHOOL ACCEPTS STUDENTS IN KA`U. After several attempts over the years by various community groups, a hui led by Kathryn Tydlacka and Joe Iacuzzo won a state approved charter to open the Ka`u Learning Center. The first campus will be in the old Discovery Harbour Clubhouse, now operated as Gilligan’s Café to raise money for the school. Applications are available online for students grades three through six for the 2015-2016 school year at www.kaulearning.com or call 808-213-1097.To comment on or like this story, go to facebook.com/kaucalendar.

Kahuku Iki is a new preserve for
The Nature Conservancy
Photo by Shalan Crysdale

ISELLE MAKES LANDFALL, FOLLOWED BY ANA. Hurricanes usually miss the Big Island, so the legend goes, but Hurricane Iselle came ashore as a weak hurricane or heavy tropical storm on Aug. 8, with the eye passing over the Kamehame hawksbill turtle preserve and Pahala. Wood Valley was cut off as a bridge was destroyed and trees fell onto roads and powerlines. Coffee and macadamia farms suffered fallen cherries, nuts, branches and trees. Hurricane Ana also made landfall as a tropical storm, with more flooding in October.
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Roadworkers clear a path for travel in Wood Valley after
Iselle makes landfall. Photo by Julia Neal

MORE LAND INTO
CONSERVATION was announced at the end of the year by The Nature Conservancy. The non-profit purchased Kahuku Iki, a 222-acre property between Ocean View and Na`alehu. "Acquisition of the parcel, known as Kahuku Iki, prevents it from being developed and opens the possibility of a future partnership with neighboring Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park," said a statement from TNC.
The land was acquired from the real estate company Hulu Lolo, LLC, for $330,000, plus closing costs.
Triangular in shape, Kahuku Iki is zoned Agriculture. Its southerly, makai boundary extends 1.6 miles along Highway 11. Its northerly, mauka boundary is the abandoned old Māmalahoa Highway. To comment on or like this story, go to facebook.com/kaucalendar.

Bob Herkes receives a lei from Ocean View residents, Mayor Kenoi
and former council member Brittany Smart for his help in
funding the Ocean View well.

KA`U CHAMPION BOB HERKES passed away on Aug. 21 after a long stint serving the district in the state legislature. Herkes was known for bringing in funding for the Ocean View potable water well and the new Ka`u Disaster Shelter, which will sport his name. He lobbied for a mobile medical van for Ka`u that provides free medical care. He fought for mortgage reform, coming up with some of the strictest foreclosure regulations in the nation. Herkes, a resident of Volcano, was a director of the Hawai`i Tourism Authority and had a career in the hotel industry before turning to community service. To comment on or like this story, go to facebook.com/kaucalendar.

CHRISTMAS IN THE COUNTRY'S display and sale of holiday wreaths and unique ornaments continues and many diverse works of art continues through Sunday, Jan. 4 at Volcano Art Center Gallery in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park. Gallery hours are 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily. Park entrance fees apply.

KILAUEA MILITARY CAMP in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park offers New Year’s events. New Year’s Eve party begins tonight at 8 p.m. at KMC’s Lava Lounge, with Mile 25 providing dance music. No cover charge, plus a midnight toast. For more information, call 967-8365.

THE HOLIDAY CHALLENGE at Kilauea Military Camp in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park ends tonight, New Year’s Eve. The public can judge cottages decorated in holiday lights by KMC employees and vote for their favorites. Park entrance fees apply. Call 967-8371 for more information.

KILAUEA MILITARY CAMP’S Crater Rim Café in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park follows up its Christmas Day brunch with a New Year’s Day brunch from 8 a.m. to noon tomorrow. Fee for adults is $16.95; $9.50 for children 6-11 years old. Open to authorized patrons and sponsored guests. Park entrance fees apply.

AMAHL & THE NIGHT VISITORS continues at Kilauea Military Camp Theater in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park. KDEN presents the production this Friday through Sunday, Jan. 4. Showtimes are Fridays and Saturdays at 7:30 p.m. and Sundays at 2:30 p.m. For tickets, call 982-7344 or emailkden73@aol.com.

SUPPORT OUR SPONSORS AT PAHALAPLANTATIONCOTTAGES.COM AND KAUCOFFEEMILL.COM. KA`U COFFEE MILL IS OPEN SEVEN DAYS A WEEK.

Ka`u middle school students will have access to learning instruments as band instruments are restored and Jr. Volcano Choy
offers after school classes, a fundraiser planned for Jan. 31. Photo by Julia Neal

THIS NEW YEAR, THE BRASS BAND IS COMING BACK TO CAMPUS and more music will sound out at school. Funds are being raised to restore instruments at Ka`u High School for a music program for Pahala Middle School students. Toward this goal, Jr. Volcano Choy and Friends will host a fundraising Afternoon Jazz Performance, from 3 p.m. to 5 p.m. on Saturday, Jan. 31 at Pahala Plantation House on the corner of Maile and Pikake Streets.
The event is sponsored by Volcano Art Center, which has received a grant from Hawai`i State Foundation on Culture & the Arts to bring back band music education to keiki of Ka`u. The afterschool program for beginning brass band will be instructed by Jr. Volcano Choy, the highly experienced performing artist and educator who lives in Volcano, following a professional performing and recording career on the mainland.

Band instruments awaiting restoration at Ka`u High School.
Photo by Julia Neal

A Hawai`i native, Choy noted that Ka`u High school’s music building is filled with all the instruments that are part of a full band program. Due to lack of a program, scores of instruments are rusting and non-functional. A statement from Volcano Art Center says, “These instruments need to come alive again. They are trumpets, trombones and more which all need TLC. The Afternoon Jazz Performance is an event to raise funds for repair and revitalization of these instruments.”
Those attending are urged to bring a garden chair and the $15 suggested donation.
For a weekend of Jazz with Jr. Volcano Choy and overnight accommodations, call Pahala Plantation Cottages at 928-9811.
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A DEATH DISCOVERED AT A HOUSE FIRE LAST NIGHT in Hawai'i Ocean View Estates is under investigation. Company 20 arrived on scene where the 30 feet by 50 feet single story house with fire involved in the bedrooms and hallway of the mauka side of the residence. According to the Hawai'i Fire Department report, two people lived in the house and one was away at the store at time of the start of the fire. "The second occupant was found to be DOA after search by HFD personnel during initial fire attack," the report states. No other occupants were living in the dwelling. To comment on or like this story, go to facebook.com/kaucalendar.

KA`U'S HAWAI`I FARMERS UNION UNITED FOUNDING PRESIDENT and member Malian Lahey, who owns and operates a farm in Wood Valley, has released a New Years message about agriculture in Ka`u, her views on farming and the purpose of Hawai`i Farmers Union United and the new Ka`u chapter. It is entitled Hawaii Farmers’ Union United Ka`u Chapter Unites Organic and Conventional Farmers:

Malian Lahey

As an organic farmer in Hawai`i, I am surely one of the rarer ones whose mentors are all conventional farmers. I can’t help it. In Pahala, where I live, most of the old timers use some kind of pesticide or chemical fertilizer. They have succeeded in their type of agriculture for more years than I have been alive.

They have also taken me under their wing, protected me, cooked fried eggs with smoke meat and rice for me. Their kind, open hearts opened mine. I still have a lot to learn from these farmers. They taught me which properties on the market were good for farming, what equipment to buy, how to space coffee trees, and the nutrient demands of coffee on the soil.

They introduced me to the NRCS, FSA, and USDA programs and coached me on how to navigate the incredible amount of beauracracy involved in farming.

I’m not complacent. I have a lot to talk to them about. We’ve discussed the negative effects of pesticides, herbicides, and chemical fertilizers on human health, the soil, and the water. I’ve shared information about herbicide resistant superweeds and the way GM foods contribute to antibiotic resistant diseases.

Here’s where it gets real: everyone is surviving in their own way. I don’t have a right to tell other farmers how to work their own farm. I can farm my way on my farm.

In order to reasonably expect other people to change, I have to not only show that organic farming is better and that they can make a living at it, but I have to create a path forward for that to happen with some economic security. If I’m going to ask another farmer to change their ways, I have some responsibilities to them.

First off, I have to respect their free will and choice. That means giving people the information and letting them make their own decision. I have to educate and build trusting relationships with farmers, so that I can share what I have learned about organic farming and how it works. It wouldn’t hurt if they could see some models of successful organic farming to boot. If I’m so convinced that I am right, then I shouldn’t be afraid of an honest discussion of the facts among friends.

Second, I have to work with them, the government, and nonprofit sector to help them build their path to a different way of farming. They will need new equipment and infrastructure as well as education. They need money to buy materials and support from their extension agents. That means change in all of those agencies, as well.

Earth Matters, which provides a Community Assisted Agricultural program through which residents can pick up produce weekly
at the farm near the corner of South Point and Kama`oa Roads, is a member of the Ka`u chapter of Hawai`i Farmers Union United.

Most of the conventional farmers I know are solving problems with conventional methods that they don’t know how to solve otherwise. Even if I blame corporate agriculture for spreading misinformation, it’s not fair to ask regular people to change unless we have an effective alternative to solve that problem.

To me, it seems obvious that a large-scale transition to organic farming will require an enormous amount of dedication, focus and energy, not to mention money. The biologically beneficial systems like organic, biodynamic, Korean Natural Farming, and permaculture are based upon entirely different foundations and an entirely different attitude. That means that building bridges is the biggest part of the work.

The Hawai`i Farmers’ Union United Ka`u chapter is dedicated to the success of small farmers. We have about 50 percent organic farmers and 50 percent conventional farmers in the Ka`u chapter right now. All of us share certain problems that the HFUU is committed to solve. HFUU priorities include:

* Creating legal protection for Hawaii origin products and place names, so that small farmers can earn a better profit for specialty products that are unique to their region.

* Simplifying Food Safety certification and making it more efficient and cheaper for the small farmer.

* Legalizing industrial hemp to be grown for fiber, fuel and food.

* Affordable Farming Land Trusts, in which the land can never be sold, and that will give long-term leases to farmers and allow them to live on their farm.

All of this serves the small family farmer. And rightly so. Small family farms are better for local economies, because they spend more money at other local businesses instead of sending all the money to the top dogs of some big company. Small family farms are also more efficient in their use of resources, such as water and fuel. Small farms that grow food tend to let the vegetables ripen naturally, which makes them more nutritious, and they get to market using less fuel and labor. This means that they are better for human health, the environment, and the economy.

Hawai`i Farmers Union United Ka`u chapter with its vice president and member
of the state House of Representatives Richard Creagan. Photo by Julia Neal

Not only that, but Ka`u’s conventional farmers are, by en large, Hawaiian or Filipino. They are frugal, hard-working and self-sufficient. It doesn’t seem right to have an organic revolution that displaces these dedicated, skilled people out of agriculture altogether, which would only perpetuate a history of colonial oppression. These farmers hold a body of knowledge that can serve agriculture as a whole. The word “culture” is an important part of “agriculture.” Culture often comes down from generations of inventive methods honed by experience - long before the debate about what products we use or don’t use. It’s about a way of life and finding a way to honor the best in each other.

It’s time for us to think about what it would mean for Ka`u to have a vibrant, healthy local economy where more families can run their own businesses and keep the benefits for themselves. We can continue to improve the situation for those who are already successful, while building partnerships to bring the others along.

What would it mean if more people here could succeed as their own bosses and become healthier, happier, and more prosperous? What would it take to achieve that vision? All these questions can only be answered if we all put our heads together and cooperate. That’s the purpose of the HFUU Ka`u Chapter.
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Paul and Jane Field remove invasive Himalayan ginger at the park.
Photo by Jessica Ferracane/NPS

STEWARDSHIP AT THE SUMMIT will draw volunteers tomorrow, Friday, Jan, 2 and next Friday, Jan 9 as well as Thursday, Jan. 15; Saturday, Jan 24 and Sa†urday, Jan. 31. Volunteer days are from 9 a.m. – 12 p.m. at Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park. Volunteers meet at Kīlauea Visitor Center to help remove invasive Himalayan ginger from park trails. Free; park entrance fees apply.

HAM RADIO OPERATORS POTLUCK PICNIC is this Sunday, Jan. 4 Manukā Park just west of Ocean View.. All American Radio Emergency Service members and anyone interested in learning how to operate a ham radio and families are invited to attend. Ham radio operators coordinate with the county and medical providers for disaster preparedness. For more information, call Dennis Smith, 989-3028

VOLCANO ART CENTER'S EXHIBIT for Christmas in the Country continues through Sunday, Jan. 4 with wreaths and other art for sale. 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily. Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park entrance fees apply.

THE FIRST WALK INTO THE PAST FOR 2015 takes place next Tuesday, Jan. 6 and again on Jan. 20 at 10 a.m., 12 p.m. and 2 p.m., beginning at Kīlauea Visitor Center and entering the Whitney Vault in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park. Ka‘ū resident Dick Hershberger brings Hawaiian Volcano Observatory founder Thomas Jaggar to life every other Tuesday.

AFTER DARK IN THE PARK next Tuesday features Updates on Kīlauea’s Two Eruptions, at 7 p.m. in Kīlauea Visitor Center Auditorium in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park. USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory geologist Matt Patrick presents an update on the Halema‘uma‘u lava lake, a brief overview on the first 30 years of Pu‘u ‘Ō‘ō’s eruption and an in-depth account of the current lava flow that has advanced toward Pāhoa over the past six months. Free; park entrance fees apply.

JOHN DAWSON'S EXHIBIT entitled Over & Under will be unveiled on Sat. Jan. 10 at Volcano Art Center Gallery in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park. The tage line is "More of His Nature." On display will be fresh observations of the park hrought the Dawson painting. The show is through Feb. 15.

SUPPORT OUR SPONSORS AT PAHALAPLANTATIONCOTTAGES.COM AND KAUCOFFEEMILL.COM. KA`U COFFEE MILL IS OPEN SEVEN DAYS A WEEK.

Punalu`u Beach tidepools and shoreline are the site of the annual Keiki Fishing Tournament that draws nearly a thousand people
each January. Photo by Nalani Parlin

O KA`U KAKOU IS STARTING 2015 with a big mahalo or all whose who volunteered during 2014 and looking ahead to many projects, said Pres. Wayne Kawachi.
The first endeavor for the New Year is the ‘O Kaʻū Kākou Keiki Fishing Tournament, the largest shoreline annual event in Ka`u, that sometimes brings around 1,000 people to Punalu`u Beach. This year it takes place on Saturday, Jan. 24. The Keiki Fishing Tournament draws families for a day of friendly competition, with every keiki participants up to 14 years of age receiving a prize. The fish and release competition also includes marine education. Participants are urged to pre-register and forms are available from members and at area businesses.

Joe Buyuan caught the most fish in the 2014 Keiki Fishing
Tournament. He also won in 2013, taking over the legacy of his
brother Jamal, who won many times. Photo by June Domondon

This event is the start of a slew of projects that OKK, a 501(c)(3) non-profit community service organization, plans for the improvement and wellbeing of Kaʻū and its residents, Kawachi noted. Reflecting on 2014, Kawachi said, “It has been a rewarding year for OKK and definitely took help from the community and others for our success. We would like to thank all who helped.”
Some of those projects included the first annual Kaʻū Coffee Trail Run, which debuted on September 20, drawing competitors from around the world to a half-marathon and shorter races on trails above Ka`u Coffee Mill, followed by entertainment, crafts and food booths and games for everyone.
Kawachi mentioned OKK’s help with the annual Fourth of July parade down Hwy 11 in Na`alehu and Family Day at Nāʻālehu Park.
OKK improved and continues to maintain seven cemeteries and provides public toilets at South Point and Punaluʻu. A new project included collaborating with the Edmund C. Olson Trust II, Kaʻū Andrade Contracting, Inc. and members of the Nāʻālehu Catholic Church to erect a stone wall fronting the church property.
In addition to giving scholarships for individual students and monetary donations to community groups, from athletic teams to other non-profits, OKK provides manpower to numerous community events, including the Ka`u Coffee Festival, Ka`u Coffee Pageant and Ka`u Plantation Days.
In December, OKK assisted Hana Hou Restaurant in serving the community a free dinner and celebration at the annual Keiki Christmas Party.

Hezekiah Baji, Aleavah Abellera and Janslae Badua won Largest

Aholehole division in last year's Keiki Fishing Tournament,
sponsored by `O Ka`u Kakou. Photo by Nalani Parlin

OKK members can be seen all over Ka`u lending a hand from highway and Punaluʻu pond cleanups to assisting seniors with home repairs and installing guard rails . OKK Senior Bingo events continue to be a hit, and OKK members have expanded their support to individual seniors including yard work and roofing projects.
“Senior projects were plentiful throughout the year,” said Kawachi. One story involved the Rev. Lona Lyons, of Ocean View, who broke her ankle in three places, and was trapped in her house due to the steepness and difficulty of the path from the street to her house. Lyons said she had to be carried from her house to the car for doctor appointments. OKK helped Lyons redeem her independence by creating a new path on which she could easily use her walker right to her front door. “Yes, there were tears of joy, but more than anything, I was so touched by the generosity and kindness of your organization. In a world where only ʻbad news’ captures the headlines, it is good to be reminded that there are such beautiful souls who give selflessly of their time and energy to help others,” Lyons told OKK members.
The work of OKK has inspired many people, living in Kaʻū and away, to donate time, money and supplies to support its projects. Anyone wishing to become a member or to donate can contact the organization by emailing info@OKauKakou.org, visiting www.okaukakou.org, or writing to P.O. Box 365, Pahala, HI 96777.
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KA`U CHAMBER OF COMMERCE is making a last call to all who want to participate in its annual scholarship drive, which is supported by participation in The Directory, the guide to businesses and community organizations for Ka`u. The Ka`u Chamber gives scholarships with funding raised by advertising sales in The Directory to new higher eduction students from Ka`u and also those who are continuing and have received scholarships from the Chamber in the past. This year, the cover of the Directory will feature a painting of Green Sands Beach by Suzanne D. Kaliko, which was voted most popular at the annual Chamber art show held at CU Hawai`i Federal Credit Union. The Chamber also plans to put all of The Directory information on an app to make it more available to visitors and residents. To apply for a scholarship, contact Scholarship Chair Lee McIntosh at 929-9872. To support The Directory with a $35 per year Ka`u Chamber of Commerce membership and advertising, contact Elijah Navarro at 928-6471.
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AMAHL & THE NIGHT VISITORS continues at Kilauea Military Camp Theater in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park. KDEN presents the production this Friday through Sunday, Jan. 4. Showtimes are Fridays and Saturdays at 7:30 p.m. and Sundays at 2:30 p.m. For tickets, call 982-7344 or email kden73@aol.com.

HAM RADIO OPERATORS POTLUCK PICNIC is this weekend, Sunday, Jan. 4 at Manukā Park just west of Ocean View. All American Radio Emergency Service members and anyone interested in learning how to operate a Ham radio and families are invited to attend. Ham radio operators coordinate with the county and medical providers for disaster preparedness. For more information, call Dennis Smith, 989-3028

VOLCANO ART CENTER'S EXHIBIT for Christmas in the Country wraps up this Sunday, Jan. 4 with wreaths and other art for sale. 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily. Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park entrance fees apply.

THE FIRST WALK INTO THE PAST in 2015 takes place next Tuesday, Jan. 6 and again on Jan. 20 at 10 a.m., 12 p.m. and 2 p.m., beginning at Kīlauea Visitor Center and entering the Whitney Vault in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park. Ka‘ū resident Dick Hershberger brings Hawaiian Volcano Observatory founder Thomas Jaggar to life every other Tuesday.

Lava burns through forests above Pahoa. Photo from HAVO

AFTER DARK IN THE PARK next Tuesday features Updates on Kilauea’s Two Eruptions, at 7 p.m. in Kilauea Visitor Center Auditorium in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park. USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory geologist Matt Patrick presents an update on the Halema‘uma‘u lava lake, a brief overview on the first 30 years of Pu‘u ‘Ō‘ō’s eruption and an in-depth account of the current lava flow that has advanced toward Pāhoa over the past six months. Over the New Years holiday the lava heading toward Pahoa moved very slowly with some fronts stalling and other breakouts above them. Free; park entrance fees apply.

KA`U SCENIC BYWAY COMMITTEE meets next Thursday, Jan. 8 at 5 p.m., Nā‘ālehu Methodist Church. Public invited. Contact richmorrow@alohabroadband.net

A RED CROSS VOLUNTEER MEETING will be held next Thursday, Jan 8 at 7 p.m., in the HOVE Road Maintenance Corp. office. The gathering is for volunteers and those interested in becoming volunteers. Call Hannah Uribes, 929-9953.

JOHN DAWSON'S EXHIBIT, entitled Over & Under, will be unveiled on Saturday, Jan. 10 at Volcano Art Center Gallery in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park. The tag line is More of His Nature. On display will be fresh observations of the park through the Dawson paintings. The show closes Feb. 15.

SUPPORT OUR SPONSORS AT PAHALAPLANTATIONCOTTAGES.COM AND KAUCOFFEEMILL.COM. KA`U COFFEE MILL IS OPEN SEVEN DAYS A WEEK.

Humpback whales are living along the Ka`u Coast for winter. A whale count is set for Jan. 31.
Photo from NOAA

WARM WINDS FROM THE SOUTHWEST and west whipped through Ka`u last night, damaging some roofs and downing branches and trees, while causing local power outages. The unusually strong gusts with periods of silence between them were predicted to reach more than 60 mph, according to the National Weather Service, which issued a high wind warning through noon today, with the expectation of constant winds 40 mph and higher. “The strongest winds are likely to occur along exposed coastal areas and where winds accelerate downslope from higher terrain. Strong winds will also be present in scattered showers and isolated thunderstorms,” the weather service warned. The weather service attributed the strong winds to a cold front moving across the Big Island. The winds also whipped up waves that are crashing along the coastline, making swimming and launching boats very dangerous.
At dawn, Ka`u Coffee farmers and macadamia orchard growers were out assessing damage from the windstorm.
Overnight Hwy 19 was blocked by fallen trees near Glenwood near the 19 mile marker. While Ka`u was spared from most of the heavy rain from the storm, much of the island experienced downpours and thunderstorms.
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The Coast Guard, NOAA and DLNR coordinate enforcement of
whale protection laws, with help from the public.
Photo from NOAA

WHALE SEASON IS BACK IN FULL FIPPER with numerous humpback sightings reported at Punalu`u, Honu`apo and Ka Lae. The Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary has set dates to count the whales along the shoreline for Jan. 31, Feb. 28 and March 28. Both site leaders and general volunteers are needed for the Ka`u Coast.
This year, 2015, marks the 20th anniversary of the whale count. The sanctuary is raising money for the project by selling Keep Calm and Count the Whales short-sleeve and long-sleeve tees and hooded sweatshirts. To register to volunteer for the whale count, see more at hawaiihumpbackwhale.noaa.gov.
The Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Sactuary was created by Congress in 1992. According to its website, “the sanctuary, which lies within the shaller (less than 600 feet deep) waters of the main Hawaiian Islands, constitutes one of the world’s most important humpback whale habitats.
“Through education, outreach, research and resource protection activities, the sanctuary strives to protect humpback whales and their habitat in Hawai`i.” Federal law protects them from harassment and probhibits approaching humbacks by any means to within 100 yards in the water and 1,000 feet via aircraft. Enforcement is coordinated by the National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration, the U.S. Coast Guard and state Department of Land & Natural Resources. Anyone seeing a boat, helicopter or persons harassing whales can make a report to 800-256-9840.
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NOVEMBER WAS A STRONG MONTH FOR TOURISM, according to the Hawai`i Tourism Authority. The tourism count was up in November for the Big Island. The count increased 4.8 percent over last November and tourists spent an extra 6.8 percent. The number of visitors coming here reached 106,800 and they shelled out $141.7 million in just the one month.
According to HTA, the number of visitors arriving to Hawai`i County during the first 11 months of 2014 topped 1.3 million. Their spending increased by 5.4 percent - unloading $1.7 billion into Hawai`i Island businesses through November, with an average daily expenditure per visitor of $174.
Airline capacity to the island has increased, providing more seats to get here, particularly to the Kona airport. Through November, there were 619,789 seats available to the west side of the Island. There were 42,000 to Hilo Airport.
The Japanese tourist count was up 3 percent for November of 2014 over 2013, reported Hawai`i Tourism Authority.

The Kahuku section of Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park is open every Saturday
and Sunday with no entrance fees. Photo from NPS

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EVENTS AT KAHUKU IN KA`U have been announced by Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park for January through March. The Kahuku unit of the park is open to the public every Saturday and Sunday and all events are free. Those who travel through the entrance on the mauka side of Hwy 11 between Ocean View and South Point Road near mile marker 70.5 can explore on their own, or join these upcoming programs:
‘Ōhi‘a Lehua. Learn about the vital role of ‘ōhi‘a lehua in native Hawaiian forests, the many forms of the ‘ōhi‘a tree, and the lehua flower. Visitors will be able to identify the many differences of the most prominent native tree in Kahuku on this program, which is an easy, one-mile (or less) walk. The ‘Ōhi‘a Lehua program is offered Jan. 10, Feb. 15, and March 28 from 9:30 a.m. to 10:30 a.m.
Palm Trail is a moderately difficult 2.6-mile loop traversing scenic pastures along an ancient cinder cone, with some of the best panoramic views Kahuku has to offer. Highlights include relics of the ranching era, sections of remnant native forest and amazing volcanic features from the 1868 eruptive fissures. A guided hike of Palm Trail is offered Jan. 11, Jan. 25, Feb. 1, and March 22 from 9:30 a.m. to 12:30 p.m.
People & Land of Kahuku is a moderate two-mile, three-hour guided hike that loops through varied landscapes to explore the human history of Kahuku. Emerging native forests, pastures, lava fields, and other sites hold clues about ways people have lived and worked on the vast Kahuku lands – from the earliest Hawaiians, through generations of ranching families, to the current staff and volunteers of Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park. Learn about the powerful natural forces at work here and how people have adapted to, shaped, and restored this land. The guided hike is offered Jan. 17 and Feb. 8, from 9:30 a.m. to 12:30 p.m.

Hi‘iaka & Pele. Discover two fascinating Hawaiian goddesses, sisters Pele and Hi‘iaka, and the natural phenomena they represent. Visitors will experience the sisters coming alive through the epic stories depicted in the natural landscape of Kahuku on this easy 1.7-mile walk on the main road in Kahuku. The Hi‘iaka and Pele program is offered Jan. 18, Feb. 21, March 21, and March 29 from 9:30 a.m. to 11 a.m.
Pu‘u o Lokuana is a short, moderately difficult 0.4-mile hike to the top of the grassy cinder cone, Pu‘u o Lokuana. Learn about the formation and various uses of this hill over time and enjoy a breathtaking view of lower Ka‘ū. This hike is offered Jan. 31 and March 8 from 9:30 a.m. to 10:30 a.m.

Sturdy footwear, water, raingear, sun protection and a snack are recommended for all activities at Kahuku.

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KONAWAENA COMES TO KA`U HIGH today for boy's soccer, travel permitting. Coach for the Ka`u Trojans is Crystal Mandaquit. Start time is 3 p.m.

Ka`u High's girls basketball team hosts Kealakehe this evening at the Pahala gym.
Photo by Julia Neal

KA`U HIGH HOSTS KEALAKEHE this evening in girls basketball with coach Cy Lopez this evening at the gym in Pahala. Start time is 6 p.m. The next game is Wednesday when the Trojan wahine travel to Kohala. Next Saturday, Hilo High comes to Ka`u.

KA`U HIGH'S WRESTLING TEAM was scheduled to travel to Kamehameha School today for tournament play starting at 10 a.m.

AMAHL & THE NIGHT VISITORS continues tonight at 7:30 p.m. and tomorrow with a 2:30 p.m. final performance at Kilauea Military Camp Theater in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park. For tickets, call 982-7344 or email kden73@aol.com.

HAM RADIO OPERATORS HOST A POTLUCK PICNIC tomorrow, Sunday, Jan. 4 at Manukā Park just west of Ocean View. All American Radio Emergency Service members and those seeking to operate a Ham radio and families are invited. Ham radio operators coordinate with the county civil defense and medical providers for disaster preparedness. For more information, call Dennis Smith, 989-3028

VOLCANO ART CENTER'S EXHIBIT for Christmas in the Country wraps up tomorrow, Sunday, Jan. 4 with wreaths and other art for sale. 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily. Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park entrance fees apply.

WALK INTO THE PAST this Tuesday, Jan. 6 and again on Jan. 20 at 10 a.m., 12 p.m. and 2 p.m., beginning at Kīlauea Visitor Center and entering the Whitney Vault in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park. Ka‘ū resident Dick Hershberger brings Hawaiian Volcano Observatory founder Thomas Jaggar to life every other Tuesday.

Lava fingers headed toward Pahoha. Photo from USGS

AFTER DARK IN THE PARK offers Updates on Kilauea’s Two Eruptions, at 7 p.m. Tuesday at Kilauea Visitor Center Auditorium in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park. USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory geologist Matt Patrick talks about Halema‘uma‘u lava lake and presents a brief overview on the first 30 years of Pu‘u ‘Ō‘ō’s eruption and the lava flow that has advanced toward Pāhoa over the past six months. The 32nd anniversary of the beginning of the eruption is today. Free; park entrance fees apply.

TROJAN BOYS BASKETBALL PLAYERS travel to Kealakehe with coach Daryl Shibuya for a 6 p.m. game next Tuesday.

KA`U SCENIC BYWAY COMMITTEE meets Thursday, Jan. 8 at 5 p.m., Nā‘ālehu Methodist Church. Public invited. Contact richmorrow@alohabroadband.net

A RED CROSS VOLUNTEER MEETING will be held Thursday, Jan 8 at 7 p.m., in the HOVE Road Maintenance Corp. office. The gathering is for volunteers and those interested in becoming volunteers. Call Hannah Uribes, 929-9953.

JOHN DAWSON'S EXHIBIT, entitled Over & Under, will be unveiled on Saturday, Jan. 10 at Volcano Art Center Gallery in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park. The tag line is More of His Nature. On display will be fresh observations of the park through the Dawson paintings. The show closes Feb. 15.

SUPPORT OUR SPONSORS AT PAHALAPLANTATIONCOTTAGES.COM AND KAUCOFFEEMILL.COM. KA`U COFFEE MILL IS OPEN SEVEN DAYS A WEEK.

Highway 11 was blocked multiple times, trees toppling during and after the windstorm Friday night and Saturday.
Photo by Charles Tobias

CUTTING THEIR WAY THROUGH BLOCKED ROADS after the fierce windstorm Friday night and Saturday morning, farmers and drivers pulled out their chain saws yesterday to remove tall trees that slammed onto roads, highways and lanes.
Powerful warm winds with little rain pushed through Ka`u in starts and fits, cleaning dead wood from trees weakened by a long drought then thrashed by two hurricane-tropical storms this past summer. Some seemingly healthy trunks simply toppled over from their weakened root systems.
Charles Tobias, of Ocean View, reports that he helped remove trees from Highway 11 between his home and Na`alehu and witnessed fallen trees on Ocean View community roads. Coffee farmer Trini Marques reports growers clearing huge trees along the cane haul road between Pahala and Na`alehu where eucalyptus fell from Kamehameha School lands. Albesia crashed onto the unpaved road leading to Moa`ula orchards during one of the heaviest harvests in Ka`u Coffee history. This morning, Cloud Rest farms remained baracaded by fallen trees, keeping pickers away from the heaviest harvest in Ka`u Coffee history for a second day.
Coffee pickers staying in Wood Valley were also blocked from going to work yesterday on Olson Trust lands until trees could be cleared from Wood Valley roads.

Branches across a lane in Ocean View.
Photo by Charles Tobias

Andrea Kawabata, of the University of Hawai`i Agriculural Extension Service, urged farmers to document farm and structural damage and contact insurance providers. “Before you begin cleaning up, document all damages with (clear and focused) photos. Review your inventory and take note of anything damaged or missing. It's better to have more than not enough information and documentation when dealing with insurance claims,” Kawabata advised. She circulated a photo of an uprooted macadamia tree at a U.H. research station.
Ka`u Coffee Growers Cooperative President Gloria Camba reported this morning that after albesias fell across the road to Cloud Rest coffee farms, growers started cutting with their own chain saws. She said that coffee grower Francis Marques helped push the trees with tractor and bucket, trying to reach his bulldozer trapped on his farm. Bozo Lorenzo, Bong Aquino and Jimbo Dacalio helped out.
Pear Tree farmers also started cleaning up. Jeffrey Gascon, Melchor Fernandez, Milton Dacalio with Marshallese coffee pickers cut their way into Pear Tree. Higashi Camp Road going to Pear Tree remained blocked this morning. At Pear Tree, Norfolk Pine windbreaks snapped around several farms, including those operated by Camba, Aquino and Wally Young.
Last night some trees kept falling around Ka`u even with the wind dying down. Hwy 11 was blocked again, and reopened about 2 a.m.
During the storm, wind speeds topped 140 miles an hour on the highest island summits, a 75-foot long sailboat washed up near Four Seasons Resort in Kona with first mate still missing, and electricity outages led to water conservation measures in Waimea until power can be restored there.

Document farm damages with focused photos, advises UH Agricultual
Extension Service. Photo from Andrea Kawabata

Hawai`i Electric Light Co. issued a statement last night, noting damage around the island with trees severing lines and power poles. About 5,000 customers in Kamuela, Hamakua and Ka`u remained without power. Yesterday crews concentrated on stabilizing the cross-island transmission system, the backbone of the electric grid. Today crews will concentrate on neighborhoods.
“The company urges the community to be safe and treat downed power lines as energized and dangerous. Do not handle or move any fallen or damaged utility equipment. If someone injured by a downed power line, do not approach them. Call 911 for assistance,” HELCO advises.

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KA`U HIGH TROJANS POUNDED KEALAKEHE last night at home in girls basketball, the varsity team basketing 55 points. Denisha Navarro scored 22 and Kerrilynn Domondon 123. Kealakehe scored 28 points. Leading scorers for Kealakehe were Ivans Galvez with 15 and Ailyn Miranda with 12. The Trojan JV team lost to Kealakehe, 7 to 36. Top Trojan JV player was Tristan David. For Kealakehe, Sira-Claire Hauanio led the team with 14 points.

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HAM RADIO OPERATORS HOST A POTLUCK PICNIC today at Manukā Park just west of Ocean View. All American Radio Emergency Service members and those seeking to operate a Ham radio and families are invited. Ham radio operators coordinate with the county civil defense and medical providers for disaster preparedness. For more information, call Dennis Smith, 989-3028.

AMAHL & THE NIGHT VISITORS closes today with a 2:30 p.m. final performance at Kilauea Military Camp Theater in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park. For tickets, call 982-7344 or email kden73@aol.com.

Updates on Kilauea eruptions will be given Tuesday at After Dark in the Park,
as a flow slowly moves toward Pahaoa. Photo from HAVO

VOLCANO ART CENTER'S EXHIBIT for Christmas in the Country ends today, with wreaths and other art for sale. 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily. Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park entrance fees apply.

WALK INTO THE PAST this Tuesday, Jan. 6 and again on Jan. 20 at 10 a.m., 12 p.m. and 2 p.m., beginning at Kīlauea Visitor Center and entering the Whitney Vault in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park. Ka‘ū resident Dick Hershberger brings Hawaiian Volcano Observatory founder Thomas Jaggar to life every other Tuesday.

AFTER DARK IN THE PARK offers Updates on Kilauea’s Two Eruptions, at 7 p.m. Tuesday at Kilauea Visitor Center Auditorium in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park. USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory geologist Matt Patrick talks about Halema‘uma‘u lava lake and presents a brief overview on the first 30 years of Pu‘u ‘Ō‘ō’s eruption and the lava flow that has advanced toward Pāhoa over the past six months. Free; park entrance fees apply.

TROJAN BOYS BASKETBALL PLAYERS travel to Kealakehe with coach Daryl Shibuya for a 6 p.m. game this Tuesday.

KA`U SCENIC BYWAY COMMITTEE meets Thursday, Jan. 8 at 5 p.m., Nā‘ālehu Methodist Church. Public invited. Contact richmorrow@alohabroadband.net

A RED CROSS VOLUNTEER MEETING will be held Thursday, Jan 8 at 7 p.m., in the HOVE Road Maintenance Corp. office. The gathering is for volunteers and those interested in becoming volunteers. Call Hannah Uribes, 929-9953.

JOHN DAWSON'S Over & Under will be unveiled on Saturday, Jan. 10 at Volcano Art Center Gallery in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park. The tag line for the show is More of His Nature - Fresh observations of the park through Dawson paintings. Show closes Feb. 15.

SUPPORT OUR SPONSORS AT PAHALAPLANTATIONCOTTAGES.COM AND KAUCOFFEEMILL.COM. KA`U COFFEE MILL IS OPEN SEVEN DAYS A WEEK.

Coffee farmer Francis Marques removes huge albizia and eucalyptus trees from the road to Moa`ula to help growers reach

their orchards. Photo by Trini Marques

KA`U COFFEE FARMERS were able to clear the way to their orchards at Moa`ula yesterday after more than a day of cutting through fallen trees on the roads. On Saturday, after the powerful windstorm subsided, Francis Marques began clearing the old cane haul road from Pahala side, and Bill Lorenzo started making a driving path from Aikane Plantation side. Up the road to Moa`ula, farmers met early yesterday morning with their chain saws and Marques’ equipment to clear tall eucalyptus and albizia trees that isolated the farms and kept away coffee pickers for all of Saturday and Sunday during the heaviest picking season in Ka`u Coffee history. When they reached the farms, the growers found most coffee trees intact, with some windbreak trees and branches down. One Norfolk Pine fell but missed the historic Pahala mill weigh station building that Francis and Trini Marques moved to their coffee farm after the sugar company shut down in 1996.

Farm families found their coffee orchards isolated by fallen trees and went to work

cutting and pushing them off the roads. Photo by Trini Marques

Up the steep side of Moa`ula gulch, shredded albizia trees appeared trashed in the forest, some down and many broken by the warm winds that hit Ka`u over the weekend. Toward Na`alehu, cattle grazed in broken stands of eucalyptus.

Closer to Pahala, trees blocked numerous roads to pastures and agricultural plots, including the one to the Hester family farm.
University of Hawai`i Agricultural Extension Service urged farmers and ranchers to document damage and make reports to the agency and insurance companies.

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WINDSTORM TOOK OUT POWER over the weekend for some homes and businesses. Midday Sunday, there were about 17,000 customers without electricity islandwide. Hawai`i Electric Light Co.’s statement named isolated areas of Volcano, Ocean View, Lorenzo Road and Wai`ohinu as places where electricity was restored yesterday evening.

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A WATER RESTRICTION ADVISORY IS IN EFFECT for Wai`ohinu area customers, according to Kanani Aton, of the county Department of Water Supply. Due to a main break on South Point Road and reduced source water output, customers in Wai`ohinu mauka, Discovery Harbour mauka and along South Point Road have no water service.

Ka`u Coffee growers stand on tree trunks to cut through downed trees to get them

off the roads. Photo by Trini Marques

Until further notice, Wai`ohinu area customers are advised to restrict water use to essential needs only.

Keep water use to an absolute minimum.
Water should be used for essentials only (cooking, drinking and sanitation).
Do not wash cars or water lawns.
Turn off or disconnect any devices or fixtures that regularly draw water. Such devices include automatic icemakers and irrigation systems.

An emergency water spigot is available at Wai`ohinu Park for customers while main repairs are completed.
For any emergency water concerns, call 961-8790.

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HAWAI`I’S DRY SEASON LAST YEAR was the wettest in the last 30 years despite late August and early September dryness, according to the National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration. Most of the state had near to above average rainfall   from May through September, and the Big Island had near to above average at most locations.

NOAA said this is one of the rare cases in recent years where the state is in relatively good shape in an El Nino wet season, which usually allows some heavy rain events to impact the state.

El Nino is projected to be weak.   Probabilities favor below average rainfall through spring but not as dry as 2009 – 2010 and 1997 – 1998.

Some drought development expected early this year and will mainly affect the agriculture sector and those with catchment systems.

Fallen trees blocked numerous roads throughout the district, including the one
to the Hester family farm above Pahala. Photo by Julia Neal

For more information, see www.weather.gov/hawaii, www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov and droughtmonitor.unl.edu.

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HAWAI`I IS MOVING FROM THE CENTRALIZED utility model of electricity generation toward the decentralized micro-grid and building-grid paradigms, according to Life of the Land director Henry Curtis. However, “large centralized utilities like NextEra are attempting to create a backlash, to return to the glory days of centralized power,” Curtis says on his blog at ililanimedia.blogspot.com. NextEra is the mainland company that is purchasing Hawaiian Electric and its subsidiaries.

Curtis describes various future energy scenarios. One he calls the “Utility Knows Best Scenario,” in which some utility consultants assert that upgrading the entire system into one massively complex creature will lower costs, increase reliability and make customers safer. Curtis likens these schemes with names such as Smart Meters, Smart Grids, Grid Modernization, Grid Intelligence, Advanced Metering Infrastructure and Distribution Automation to the National Security Agency. The utilities would develop computer, telecommunication and surveillance technology “so they can receive messages from and send controlling messages back to every single electric device connected anywhere and everywhere on the electric grid at the transmission, distribution and household level.”

Cattle graze among downed eucalyptus trees along the cane haul road between Pahala and Na`alehu yesterday after the windstorm.
Photo by Julia Neal

Another paradigm is “Innovators Know Best.” According to Curtis, “it makes more sense to have entrepreneurs, innovators and venture capitalists develop small smart micro-grids. These can be net metered to the utility transmission spine. The micro-grids cannot only export and import to the utility grid, but they can also supply voltage and frequency support. In Hawai`i micro-grids are being planned by the military and Parker Ranch.
Building-based smart grids is the third, and to Curtis, most logical, paradigm.

“Global solar installations have grown at over 40 percent per year for over a dozen years,” Curtis states. “This rapid deployment is leading to massive innovation and sharply lower prices. The battery revolution is now being launched. Each year it is and will continue to become cheaper and cheaper to install solar and batteries. Tesla is building a massive battery factory. Technology currently exists to interlink the power in buildings and batteries in vehicles.
“On the Neighbor Islands it is cheaper to rely on solar and batteries than to remain attached to the grid. Many people don’t take the chance. But what happens in five or ten years when the prices off solar and batteries have dropped by 70 percent and Costco offers standardized ‘utility-in-a-box’ packages that homeowners can install without middlemen? The traditional utility will cease to exist.
“Sides of buildings and window panes will be coated with thin micro-scale and nano-scale solar energy devices. Utilities will be relegated to the same realm occupied by faxes, microfiche and land-lines,” Curtis concludes.

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Mud Alley. After the storm, blocked from going to coffee lands, the Rodney Freitas
family had fun in the mud.

KA`U RESIDENTS CAN PARTICIPATE in Hawai`i County Council’s first meetings of the New Year via videoconferencing at Ocean View Community Center. Committees meet tomorrow, and the full council meets Wednesday at 9 a.m. All meetings take place at council chambers in Hilo.

Committees meetings are 9 a.m., Governmental Relations and Economic Development; 10 a.m., Public Works and Parks and Recreation; 11 a.m., Planning; 1:30 p.m., Finance; and 2:30 p.m., Environmental Management.

WALK INTO THE PAST tomorrow at 10 a.m., 12 p.m. and 2 p.m., beginning at Kīlauea Visitor Center and entering the Whitney Vault in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park. Ka`u resident Dick Hershberger brings Hawaiian Volcano Observatory founder Thomas Jaggar to life every other Tuesday.

AFTER DARK IN THE PARK offers updates on Kilauea’s two eruptions at 7 p.m. tomorrow at Kilauea Visitor Center Auditorium in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park. USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory geologist Matt Patrick talks about Halema`uma`u lava lake and presents a brief overview on the first 30 years of Pu`u `O`o’s eruption and the lava flow that has advanced toward Pahoa over the past six months. Free; park entrance fees apply.

SUPPORT OUR SPONSORS AT PAHALAPLANTATIONCOTTAGES.COM AND KAUCOFFEEMILL.COM. KA`U COFFEE MILL IS OPEN SEVEN DAYS A WEEK.

Kona winds on Jan. 3 created spectacular geysers at South Point blowhole. Areas of Ka`u are still recovering from the storm.
Photo by Peter Anderson

VOLCANO, WOOD VALLEY AND DISCOVERY HARBOUR are on the list of places Hawaiian Electric Light Co. will be working at to restore power to about 360 customers still without power following recent severe weather conditions.

HELCO encourages residents to treat downed power lines as energized and dangerous. Do not handle or move any fallen or damaged utility equipment. If someone is injured by a downed power line, do not approach them. Call 9-1-1 for assistance.

Customers who remain with power and have not reported it are asked to call 969-6666. Due to the high call volume, customers may experience a longer wait time before speaking with a representative.
According to HELCO, during storms, strong winds can blow tree branches and other debris into power lines and cause short circuits. Lightning also can strike near power lines and cause short circuits. This can create very high currents, and the power lines must be turned off very quickly to prevent damage or further disruption to the rest of the power system.
HELCO uses automatic sensing devices to detect these short circuits and turn off power to lines in a fraction of a second; this is when customers see a power interruption. In many cases, once the power is turned off, the line can be turned back on because the tree branch that caused the short circuit clears the line or the lightning strike dissipates. The automatic devices wait a few seconds and then turn on the power to the line; this is when customers see their power restored after a short time. Customers can experience multiple brief power interruptions during a storm because of frequent lightning strikes or trees and debris being blown into lines.

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GOV. DAVID IGE HAS ANNOUNCED more new directors. Elizabeth Kim will serve as director for the state Department of Labor and Industrial Relations, and Cindy McMillan as director of Communications.

Kim currently serves in President Obama’s Administration as Director of the Office of the Executive Secretariat at the U.S. Department of Labor. She is a member of the senior leadership team advising the Secretary and Deputy Secretary of Labor. Prior to that she served as the White House Liaison for the Department of Labor and U.S. Department of Defense and as Administrator of the Business and Professional Licensing Administration at District of Columbia’s Department of Consumer and Regulatory Affairs.
“Elizabeth brings executive management experience in federal, state and local level policy formation,” Ige said. “She is a proven leader that has demonstrated success in managing a large staff as well as implementing major programs and initiatives at a high level. Elizabeth’s wealth of knowledge, national experience and leadership equips her to lead the Department of Labor and Industrial Relations.”
Kim earned a BA degree from Pomona College and a Juris Doctorate degree from the University of Arizona College of Law. A graduate of Kaiser High School, Kim was also President of the Asian Pacific American Bar Association of Greater Washington, D.C. and Chair of the D.C. Commission on Asian and Pacific Islander Affairs.
Cindy McMillan has most recently led advocacy and communication efforts for Pacific Resource Partnership. Prior to this, she was executive vice president at Communications Pacific, where she led the firm’s community relations and public affairs team, which assisted a wide range of clients. McMillan’s previous experience also includes serving as a legislative aide to members of Honolulu City Council, where she helped develop legislative strategies and worked closely with city and state agencies, neighborhood boards, the Legislature, the media and constituents.

“Cindy brings superior organizational skills along with a wealth of experience in strategic communication planning and implementation,” Ige said. “Her experience in the public and private sector along with her demonstrated commitment to our community make her a valuable asset to our team.”
McMillan moved to Hawai`i in 1996 from Washington, D.C., where she was assistant director of the Joint National Committee for Languages and the National Council for Languages and International Studies. She holds a master’s degree in English from the University of Maryland and a bachelor’s degree in English from Columbia Union College.
“I’m enthusiastic about the opportunity to work with Gov. Ige to ensure that his priorities are communicated accurately and the public is informed about the administration’s decisions,” McMillan said.

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U.S. REP. TULSI GABBARD HAS RETURNED from a tour of India and is now in Washington, D.C., where the 114th Congress begins today. Her trip was prompted by a personal invitation from India’s Prime Minister Narendra Modi during his visit to the U.S. last September.
During nearly three weeks of meetings with India’s top government, military and business leaders, Gabbard sought to “introduce the people of India to Hawai`i — to share with them the aloha spirit and plant seeds for closer cultural and economic ties between the people of India and Hawai`i.
“I feel this trip was a great success,” said Gabbard. “I went to India hoping to introduce and familiarize people with Hawai`i and to help warm the relationship between our two countries. I think we accomplished both goals, and I am optimistic that there will be increased collaboration between the world’s oldest democracy and the world’s largest democracy.”

U.S. Rep. Tulsi Gabbard with India's Prime Minister Narendra Modi
Photo from Office of Rep. Tulsi Gabbard

Visiting five major cities, Gabbard was received by several high-level Indian officials and the country’s most respected and progressive leaders. Gabbard met again with Prime Minister Narendra Modi to further explore topics of mutual interest to America and India, focusing on enhanced cooperation in the fight against Islamic terrorism, working together to protect the environment and maximizing economic opportunities between the two countries. Gabbard met separately with India’s Minister of Finance Arun Jaitley, Minister of Defense Manohar Parrikar, Home Minister Rajnath Singh and Minister of External Affairs (Secretary of State) Srimati Sushma Swaraj to discuss challenges facing the international community.
She also met with General Dalbir Singh, Chief of the Indian Army. Gabbard, a captain in Hawai`i Army National Guard, discussed with Singh the need for the U.S. and India to increase collaboration in the fight against terrorists and the importance of partner-building, military-to-military engagements between the U.S. Pacific Command and the Indian military.
Gabbard discussed strengthening tourism and cultural exchange opportunities between the U.S. and India with India’s Minister for Tourism, Mahesh Chandra Sharma.
Srimati Nirmala Sitharaman, Minister of State of Commerce and Industry, and Gabbard discussed ideas to increase commerce between India and the U.S. and minimize barriers to greater foreign investment. She also met with several prominent figures in India's film industry to encourage increased cross-collaboration between those in the industries in India and Hawai`i.
Establishing a sister state relationship between Hawai`i and Goa, India’s most popular beach tourism destination, was the topic of conversations with Goa Chief Minister Laxmikant Parsekar and Gov. Mridula Sinha. The aim would be to increase economic and cultural exchanges between Goa and Hawai`i, as well as promote tourism.
Gabbard also toured several sites of spiritual and cultural significance, including the memorial temple of Mahatma Gandhi.
Gabbard’s tour of India was conducted while Congress was in recess, and no U.S. taxpayer dollars were expended for any portion of the trip.

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The first of four After Dark in the Park programs tonight during Volcano Awareness Month focuses on Halema`uma`u's lava lake, at left, and Pu`u O`o's current eruption. Photos from USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory

THIS EVENING, USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory geologist Matt Patrick talks about Halema`uma`u lava lake and presents a brief overview on the first 30 years of Pu`u `O`o’s eruption and the lava flow that has advanced toward Pahoa over the past six months.

Geologist Matt Patrick Photo from USGS/HVO

After Dark in the Park begins at 7 p.m. at Kilauea Visitor Center Auditorium in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park. Free; park entrance fees apply.

KA`U SCENIC BYWAY COMMITTEE has cancelled its meeting scheduled for this Thursday, Jan. 8. Next meeting is Thursday, Feb. 12 at 5 p.m. at Na`alehu Methodist Church.

REGISTRATION IS AVAILABLE for New Year’s recreation programs in Ka`u.
At Pahala Community Center, New Year’s Wall Hanging on Wednesday, Jan. 14 from 3:30 – 5 p.m. is open to children in grades kindergarten to eight. Adult Volleyball takes place Mondays and Wednesdays from 6 p.m. to 8 p.m. Age Group Basketball on Tuesdays and Thursdays from 6 p.m. to 8 p.m. is for ages 11 to 12 and 13 to 14. Also on Tuesdays and Thursdays, Track & Field Practice for ages six to 14 starts at 3:30 for 1.5 hours.
To register, call Nona at 928-3102.
Na`alehu Community Center offers many sports activities Mondays through Thursdays. Registration for T-Ball for ages five and six and Coach Pitch for ages seven and eight is available now for programs at 4 p.m. beginning Jan. 20. Track & Field Practice for ages six to 14 begins Jan. 13 at 3:30 p.m. Instruction for grades three through 12 in tennis begins at 3:30 p.m., and ages 14 and above can learn basketball beginning at 5 p.m.
Register with Richard at 939-2510.
Kahuku Park is also now accepting registration for T-Ball for ages five and six on Mondays and Wednesdays at 2:30 p.m. and Coach Pitch for ages seven and eight on Tuesdays and Thursdays at 2:30 p.m. Track & Field Practice is also available for ages six to 14 Mondays through Fridays from 4 p.m. to 5 p.m.
Call Teresa at 929-9113.

SUPPORT OUR SPONSORS AT PAHALAPLANTATIONCOTTAGES.COM AND KAUCOFFEEMILL.COM. KA`U COFFEE MILL IS OPEN SEVEN DAYS A WEEK.

A tangle of downed power lines and tree limbs prompted caution tape to be placed in front of Wood Valley Temple until HELCO crews could repair lines going into the valley, where many residents spend several days and nights without electricity. Photo by Julia Neal

ELECTRIC COMPANY CREWS WORKED through the night to restore service to customers affected by a storm system that passed through the islands last Friday and Saturday. As of 4 p.m. yesterday, Hawai`i Electric Light Co. reported 120 customers remained without power primary in Wood Valley and Hamakua.

Miguel Schwab drives his equipment to fix a water line after last weekend's storm
in Wood Valley. Photo by Julia Neal

About 46,000 customers were without power at one time or another during the storm, according to HELCO. When the storm passed through Hawai`i Island, the company received about 6,700 outage calls over a two-day period. The company normally receives an average of 50 calls daily. Some employees from around the island were reassigned to help answer phones, manage outage reports and follow up with customers.
“Hawaii Electric Light employees are committed to safely restoring service as quickly as possible,” said spokesperson Rhea Lee. “We live here, we work here, and we raise our families here. We understand the responsibility we have to our community, and we will do our best to serve our customers.”

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WITH THE APPROACH 2015’s state Legislative Session opening on Wednesday, Jan. 21, the Legislature’s Public Access Room has information to share.

Albizia, eucalyptus silver oak and a few cedar were the
majority of trees that fell in Wood Valley. Native koa
and `ohi`a stood strong. Photo by Julia Neal

The Senate Ways and Means and House Finance Committees have scheduled informational briefings over the next few weeks to explore the Executive departments’ budget requests. Most of them will be scheduled for broadcast. Meeting notices for the briefings appear under Current Hearings in the central column of the Legislature’s home page at capitol.hawaii.gov.
For video information, use the Broadcasts link. Then select Capitol TV Broadcasts for the schedule of upcoming broadcasts.
Select Senate Webstreaming or House Webstreaming to watch previously televised events. Contact the Public Access Room with any questions.
Applications and instructions for 2015 Grant-in-Aid requests have been posted. A link currently appears under Recent Updates on the Legislature’s home page or by clicking on the Legislative Information bar.
Ka`u residents can contact PAR with questions relating to the Legislature at par@capitol.hawaii.gov or toll-free at 974-4000 ext. 7-0478.
More information about the upcoming Legislative session is available at capitol.hawaii.gov.

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Piles of tree trunks fill the front yard of Wood Valley Temple. Photo by Julia Neal

USDA HAS FUNDING OPPORTUNITIES for small businesses and farmers/ranchers for energy efficiency and renewable energy.

The Rural Energy for America Program has two funding deadlines for Fiscal Year 2015. For applicants requesting $20,000 or less who wish to have their applications compete in the Grants of $20,000 or less set aside, complete applications must be received no later than 4:30 p.m. local time on April 30. For applicants requesting grant funds over $20,000 (unrestricted), complete applications must be received no later than 4:30 p.m. on April 30 or 4:30 p.m. on June 30, 2015.

For guaranteed loan only projects, applications will be reviewed and processed when received with monthly competitions on the first business day of each month for those applications ready to be funded.
Eligible entities are agricultural producers directly engaged in the production of agricultural products that obtain at least 50 percent or of their gross income from their agriculture business, or a rural small business. SBA small size standards can be found at http://www.sba.gov/sites/default/files/files/Size_Standards_Table(1).pdf. Also, the business headquarters must be in a rural area.

Shallowly rooted eucalyptus, albizia and silver oak toppled along
Wood Valley roads, taking out electric lines. Photo by Julia Neal

Nonprofit organizations and public entities are not eligible.

For proposed projects to be eligible, they must:

Be for the purchase of a renewable energy system or to make energy efficiency improvements;
Be for a pre-commercial or commercially available and replicable technology (no Research and Development, demonstration or pre-demonstration projects);
Have technical merit; and
Be located in a rural area.

Applicants must be owners of the projects (no leasing of systems).
Technologies that are eligible for funding include biomass, anaerobic digester, geothermal – electric generation, geothermal – direct use, hydrogen, small and large wind, small and large solar, ocean (including tidal, wave, current, and thermal), hydroelectric and energy efficiency improvements.
See more at http://www.rurdev.usda.gov/BCP_ReapResEei_Eligibility. East Hawai`i residents may contact Lori Nekoba at 933-8312 or lori.nekoba@hi.usda.gov, and West Hawai`i residents may contact Denise Oda at 933-8323 or denise.oda@hi.usda.gov.

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Sunset did not keep HELCO crews from
continuing to work on downed lines in
Wood Valley. Photo by Julia Neal

HAWAI`I’S U.S. SENATORS ARE APPLAUDING President Barack Obama’s intention to nominate former Bank of Hawai`i Chief Executive Officer Allan R. Landon to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

“The Federal Reserve is responsible for regulating nearly every aspect of our banking industry, and it is critical that its members reflect the diversity in the industry,” Sen. Brian Schatz said. “I am thrilled that President Obama has nominated … Mr. Landon to serve on the Federal Reserve Board. Drawing on his experience at Bank of Hawai`i, Mr. Landon will bring an essential community banking perspective to the Board. This perspective will be very important for states like Hawai`i that depend on a vibrant sector of community banks to serve their banking needs.”  
Sen. Mazie Hirono said, “Our nation’s economic policy should be focused on growing strong local economies that support local businesses, middle class families and vibrant communities. Allan Landon’s experience as a community banker and his record of service in the community make him a solid choice to serve on the Federal Reserve Board. His leadership at Bank of Hawai`i came at a time when our country went through the financial crisis, and he ensured the bank remained secure and sound. Allan Landon’s nomination demonstrates President Obama’s continued focus on strengthening the middle class.”

In April 2014, Hirono joined a bipartisan group of senators in urging Obama to nominate someone with community banking experience to the Federal Reserve Board. She has also supported legislative efforts to ensure that one seat on the Federal Reserve Board be held by someone with community banking experience.

HELCO crews worked through last night to restore power
to Wood Valley residents. Photo by Julia Neal

Landon served as Chairman and CEO of Bank of Hawai`i from 2004 to 2010. He also served on University of Hawai`i’s Board of Regents from 2005 through 2009 and was board chair from 2007 to 2009. After retiring in 2010, he served as a lecturer at UH-Manoa William S. Richardson School of Law.
The Federal Reserve Board of Governors oversees the Federal Reserve System, which is made up of 12 regional Federal Reserve Banks. Hawai`i is served by the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco. The Board is made up of seven governors who are nominated by the President and must be confirmed by the U.S. Senate. Governors are confirmed to 14-year terms of service.

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ALOHA KIDNEY OFFERS FREE KIDNEY CLASSES online to Ka`u residents through Ka`u Rural Health Community Association, Inc. and University of Hawai`i TASI Scopia Desktop. The goal is for chronic kidney disease patients to understand the condition and allow them to work better with doctors, family and friends. Participants learn what their kidneys do, what happens if they fail and how they affect health of the heart, brain and circulation and immune systems.
Contact Heanu at KRHCAI at 928-0101 if interested in signing up.

A volunteer participates in Stewardship at the Summit, continuing in 2015.
Photo from NPS

KA`U RESIDENTS ARE URGED TO RESOLVE to protect the Hawaiian ecosystem from invasive, non-native plant species by volunteering for continuing Stewardship at the Summit programs in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park.

Programs begin at 9 a.m. and end at 12 p.m. Scheduled dates are Jan. 9, 15, 24 and 31; Feb. 7, 11, 20 and 28; and March 6, 14, 21 and 27.
Participants meet project leaders Paul and Jane Field at Kilauea Visitor Center. Wear sturdy hiking shoes and long pants. Bring a hat, raingear, day pack, snacks and water. Gloves and tools are provided. No advance registration is required, and there is no cost to participate. Park entrance fees apply.
Volunteers spent more than 2,000 hours restoring more than 15 acres of native rainforest within the national park last year. Countless Himalayan ginger, faya, strawberry guava and other invasive, non-native plants that threaten the native understory have been removed. In their place, once-shaded `ama`u and hapu`u tree ferns have re-emerged, and pa`iniu, kawa`u and other important native plants are returning to the stewardship plots.

SUPPORT OUR SPONSORS AT PAHALAPLANTATIONCOTTAGES.COM AND KAUCOFFEEMILL.COM. KA`U COFFEE MILL IS OPEN SEVEN DAYS A WEEK.

A decorated Hello Kitty cabin at Kilauea Military Camp sports a bow and blue whiskers, hoping that spectators vote for her
during KMC's Holiday Challenge. Photo by Dave Berry

MAILE MEDEIROS DAVID, KA`U’S NEW member on Hawa`i County Council, followed her predecessor Brenda Ford in voting in favor of a ban on electronic smoking devices this week. Bill 302 prohibits use of the devices in all enclosed and partially enclosed places within the county where use of tobacco products are currently prohibited and also prohibits use of the devices at all county parks and recreational facilities.

The bill passed its first reading prior to newly elected council members taking office. At that time, the bill passed six to two. On its second reading, the vote was five to four in favor.

According to a story in the Hawai`i Tribune-Herald, a recent state Department of Health survey found that triple the number of high school students used e-cigarettes at least once from 2011 to 2013, and use quadrupled among middle school students during the same period.
Opponents of the ban say there is no evidence that e-cigarettes are harmful and that people use them to help quit smoking.

Maile Medeiros David

See hawaiitribune-herald.com.

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HAWAI`I COUNTY PLANNING COMMISSIONS have given favorable recommendations to changing the approval process for Planned Unit Developments. Following approval with reservations by the Windward Commission on Dec. 4, the Leeward Commission gave approval yesterday. The issue now goes to the County Council.
Currently, only the Planning director has to approve PUDs, and public notice follows the decisions. Decisions can be overturned by the Board of Appeals and the Third Circuit Court.
Bill 281 calls for the Planning Commission that holds jurisdiction over the area where properties for which applications are sought to be responsible for review and approval of the application. Public notices and hearings would be required.
Lands where the famous Moa`ula and Pear Tree Ka`u Coffee farms are located were set up for subdivision as a PUD several years ago, the decision made by the former county Planning director without public hearing or consideration by the Planning Commissions or County Council. The subdivision has not been carried out, but the potential is part of the marketing of the land, which has been put up for sale by Lehman Brothers Holdings, which foreclosed on former developers there. The coffee farmers, who have developed the Ka`u Coffee industry there for nearly two decades, no longer have leases and could lose their farms if the land is subdivided and sold off. The proposed PUD at Moa`ula and Pear Tree calls for many lots smaller than 20 acres for which the property is zoned, leaving the gulches and mountainsides and some other non-coffee land in bigger parcels.
Chris Manfredi, former manager of owner WWK Holding’s Ka`u lands, recently told The Ka`u Calendar that the company’s subdivision goal “was to create family farms. All exiting tenants were to be offered 50-year terms and purchase options.” He also said, “No one in Ka`u has ever proposed such favorable terms.”
While the original intent of PUDs was to make for better planning by avoiding simple cookie cutter developments, PUDs are sometimes used by developers to obtain smaller, more desirable lots for estates and houses.
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Two fingers of lava are threatening Pahoa Marketplace, as shown by arrows
in regular and thermal photos. Photos from USGS/HVO

MERCHANTS AT PAHOA MARKETPLACE who are closing their businesses in advance of lava that is threatening the area plan to reopen as soon as possible, county Civil Defense Chief Darryl Oliveira told the public at yesterday’s community update meeting.

Two fingers of lava are now possible threats to the shopping center, with the closest one .6 miles away as of 9 a.m. this morning. Hawaiian Volcano Observatory reported that one of the flow fronts is stalled, but the other is still active and could reach the center in five to nine days, depending on the flow rate.
Gov. David Ige, who visited Pahoa yesterday, said it helps to see the flow with his own eyes. “It does give you a very different perspective to be on the ground and view it from the air and talk to people and actually see the flow itself,” Tom Callis, of Hawai`i Tribune-Herald, reported Ige saying.
Ige said the state is prepared to continue working with the county on road access and other issues in the long term. “This is not something that’s going to disappear,” he said.

See hawaiitribune-herald.com.

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Marco Mangelsdorf

HAWAI`I ISLAND’S ROOFTOP PHOTOVOLTAIC industry may be in a state of terminal decline, according to Marco Mangelsdorf, owner of ProVision Solar in Hilo. Richard Ha, owner of Hamakua Springs Country Farms and a proponent of geothermal energy for grid-delivered electricity, reports Mangelsdorf’s findings on his blog at hahaha.hamakuasprings.com. Ha says Mangelsdorf is one of the most credible commentators he knows in the energy industry.

“It’s hard to see factors that would lead to a sustainable upswing (in the PV industry) at least in the next several years,” Mangelsdorf says. “With the federal tax credit scheduled to disappear for residential PV as of Jan. 1, 2017 and go down from 30 percent to 10 percent for commercial PV, grid-penetration issues and NextEra’s (the company that is buying Hawaiian Electric Co.’s) apparent preference for utility-scale PV over distributed generation, the skies seem unlikely to brighten in the near-term for the local PV industry. And forget any immediate relief coming from some magic bullet in the form of energy storage. Ain’t gonna happen no matter how much some commentators predict it along with a mass exodus from the grid. Said pundits have likely never spent any time, let along months or years, living off the grid and the considerable energy, time, resources and conscientiousness that off grid living entails.”
According to Mangelsdorf, PV permits between January and November of this year dropped 51 percent from the same period last year.
“The number one PV permit puller on the island, Vivint Solar, has seen their numbers take a substantial dive in October and November,” Mangelsdorf said. Their monthly average between January and September of this year was 92 PV permits. In October, they obtained nine permits and pulled 15 last month.

Hawai`i Fire Department has announced sale dates for fireworks permits.
Photo by Kris Brakken

HAWAI`I FIRE DEPARTMENT ANNOUNCES that fireworks permits will be available for purchase beginning Friday, Dec. 26 and ending at midnight on New Year’s Eve at the following locations for the upcoming New Year’s celebration:

Fire Administration Office, Hilo County Building, 25 Aupuni Street, Suite 2501, 8 a.m. – 4 p.m. on Dec. 26, 29, 30, and 31; and
Kona Fire Prevention Office, West Hawai`i Civic Center, 74-5044 Ane Keohokalole Hwy, Bldg E, second floor, 10 a.m. – 4 p.m. on Dec. 26, 29, 30, and 31.

Fireworks permits will also be sold at the following firecracker vending outlets:

TNT Tent, Waiakea Center Parking Lot, 325 Maka`ala Street, Hilo;
TNT Tent, Kona Crossroads Parking Lot, 75-1027 Henry Street, Kailua-Kona;
KTA Puainako, 50 E. Puainako Street, Hilo
Pacific Fireworks Kona, 75-5629 Kuakini Hwy, Kailua-Kona;
KTA Kona, Kona Coast Shopping Center, 74-5594 Palani Rd. Kailua Kona;
Long’s Drug Prince Kuhio Plaza, 111 E. Puainako St., Hilo.

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Sammie Fo performed during Ka`u School of the Arts Christmas concert
at Pahala Plantation House. Photo by Julia Neal

OCEAN VIEW COMMUNITY CENTER hosts holiday events today and tomorrow.

Ka`u School of the Arts, which presented a concert at Pahala Plantation House Sunday following the Christmas parade through town, offers another free Christmas concert today at 5 p.m. Featured are Ka`u `Ohana Band, Halau Hula O Ka `Imina Na`auao Kahiko, Hannah’s Makana `Ohana, Sammie Fo and a sing-along with Ka`u Community Chorus. Potluck refreshments are welcome.
Ocean View Community Association’s annual keiki Christmas party is tomorrow from 11 a.m. to 2 p.m. The free event includes gifts, a visit from Santa Claus, food, fun and celebration. Call 939-7033 to volunteer.

PARTICIPANTS BRING LUNCH AND LEARN about the vital role of `ohi`a lehua in native Hawaiian forests, the many forms of the `ohi`a lehua tree and its flower during a free program Sunday at 9:30 a.m. at the Kahuku Unit of Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park. 985-6011

SUPPORT OUR SPONSORS AT PAHALAPLANTATIONCOTTAGES.COM AND KAUCOFFEEMILL.COM. KA`U COFFEE MILL IS OPEN SEVEN DAYS A WEEK.

See kaucalendar.com/Directory2014.swf.

Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park rangers offer tips for a positive and memorable visit to the park in the New Year.
Photo by Peter Anderson

HAWAI`I FIRE DEPARTMENT WILL CONDUCT a collection of unwanted, illegal and/or damaged fireworks from anyone wishing to turn them in for proper disposal. Members of the public will be able to drop off their unwanted fireworks islandwide on Wednesday, Jan. 28. Those wishing to participate can contact HFD’s Fire Prevention Bureau at 932-2912 by Monday, Jan. 26 between 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. to get more information regarding drop off locations and drop-off times.

Aerial luminary devices, illegal in Hawai`i,
can be given to the Fire Department for
disposal. Photo from wikipedia

These fireworks are dangerous, and utmost care must be taken to keep them away from any spark or open flame. Fireworks may be soaked in water overnight and dried prior to transporting them to one of the drop-off locations. Acceptable items include all types of fireworks, fountains, sparklers, firecrackers, cakes, rockets, etc.
Aerial luminary devices are also accepted. The state of Hawai`i deemed it illegal to buy, sell, use, possess, ignite or cause to ignite any such aerial luminary device. An aerial luminary device is defined as any homemade or manufactured device that has an open flame and which can be sent airborne or adrift, leaving the height and distance it travels to be determined by existing atmospheric conditions. These devices can start brushfires as well as entangle in electrical lines, and they have the ability to hit an aircraft if they drift near airports or in the vicinity of aircraft. Common brands found here are Sky Lanterns and Hawai`i Lanterns.
No other hazardous materials or explosive products will be accepted.
Hawai`i Fire Department would like to thank the community for its continued support in helping make the island as safe as possible.
For more information, call the Fire Prevention Bureau at 932-2912.
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THE NATURE CONSERVANCY, with Hawai`i Island headquarters in Ka`u, is one of several organizations offering presentations during an informational briefing at the state Legislature next week. The Senate Energy And Environment Committee and House Energy and Environment Protection Committee have scheduled the briefing on Tuesday, Jan. 13 at 10 a.m. to get an update on invasive species threats to Hawai`i. The committees will hear from state departments and organizations tasked with implementing programs for prevention, control, research and outreach related to invasive species issues.

The Nature Conservancy, which helps Ka`u residents battle little fire ants, meets
with the state Legislature regarding invasive species next week.
Photo from Hawai`i Department of Agriculture

The Department of Agriculture will be bringing deceased specimens of invasive species including the coconut rhinoceros beetle, little fires ant, coffee berry borer, coqui frog, brown tree snake, stinging nettle caterpillar and Madagascar hissing cockroach.
“Invasive species threaten our quality of life, native species, the health of our agricultural industries and the economy as a whole,” said Sen. Mike Gabbard, chair of ENE. “Whether it’s little fire ants, coconut rhinoceros beetles, coqui frogs or albizia, all our communities are being negatively impacted. Eliminating the spread of invasive species continues to be a top priority for lawmakers. We’ll be looking at a variety of legislation this session to continue the fight against invasive species.”
Rep. Chris Lee, chair of the EEP Committee, added, “The spread of invasive species is an environmental and economic issue. In recent months, we’ve seen the coffee berry borer make its way from Hawai`i Island to O`ahu and possibly now Maui. This briefing will help inform lawmakers on current threats, what preventive and offensive measures are in place and what more can be done.”

More presenters are Hawai`i Invasive Species Council, Department of Agriculture – Plant Quarantine Branch and Plant Pest Control Branch, Invasive Species Committees, Department of Land and Natural Resources – Division of Forestry and Wildlife Watershed Partnerships and Division of Aquatic Resources.
The briefing is not scheduled for live broadcast on Hawai`i Island but will be available later at capitol.hawaii.gov. Select Senate Webstreaming or House Webstreaming.
More information on the briefing can be found on the hearing notice: http://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/session2015/hearingnotices/HEARING_ENE-EEP_01-13-15_INFO_.HTM.
Ka`u residents can contact the Legislature’s Public Access Room with questions at par@capitol.hawaii.gov or toll-free at 974-4000 ext. 7-0478.
More information about the upcoming Legislative session is available at capitol.hawaii.gov.
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U.S. Rep. Tulsi Gabbard and House Speaker John Boehner on opening day
of the 114th Congress. Photo from Office of Rep. Gabbard

ON OPENING DAY OF THE 114TH CONGRESS Tuesday, U.S. Rep. Tulsi Gabbard assisted in advancing two pieces of legislation. The Hiring More Heroes Act, which encourages businesses to hire veterans, passed unanimously by a vote of 412-0. She also introduced the Native American Housing Assistance and Self-Determination Reauthorization Act, which she co-sponsored to support housing opportunities for Native Hawaiians.

“As we begin the 114th Congress, passage of this bipartisan Hire More Heroes Act, which focuses on empowering and employing our veterans, is the perfect tone to bring in the New Year,” said Gabbard, a Captain in Hawai`i Army National Guard. “This legislation will help decrease the number of unemployed veterans and support our small-business owners as they work hard to grow our economy. I was honored to immediately offer my support and co-sponsor the bill because of the important constituency that it serves — those who willingly serve and sacrifice for our nation.”
NAHASDA seeks to empower Native communities by assisting low-income families with affordable housing. Similar legislation was introduced last year that omitted Native Hawaiian benefits, but the Gabbard-sponsored bill that was introduced today includes key provisions to ensure that Hawai`i’s native people are not forgotten. Once passed, the Department of Hawaiian Homelands will be able to continue using NAHASDA funds to manage a trust established by Congress to support Native Hawaiians through homesteading.
“Over 1,400 low-income families in Hawai`i have benefited from these services, and, in many cases, homeownership would not have been possible given the $640,000 median price of a single-family home on the island of O`ahu,” Gabbard said. “Nationwide, passage of this legislation would represent an important step toward removing roadblocks to economic success in Native communities and reaffirm the House’s long-standing commitment to tribal sovereignty and self-determination.”

A crowd gathers around Ranger Dean Gallagher to hear his "Life on the Edge"
talk at Jaggar Museum's observation deck overlooking Halema`uma`u.
NPS Photo by Janice Wei

HAWAI`I VOLCANOES NATIONAL PARK rangers offer tips for a positive and memorable time in the national park.

Plan to arrive early and explore Nahuku (Thurston Lava Tube) before 10 a.m. Not only is parking available, but the lava tube is virtually empty of people. As a bonus, birdwatching at Nahuku is best in the early morning.
The four-mile Kilauea Iki Trail is one of the most scenic and popular trails in the park. Plan to hit the trail by 8 a.m. and be out by 10:30 a.m. to avoid crowds.
Historic and scenic Chain of Craters Road originates at the summit of Kilauea and stretches 19 miles to Holei Sea Arch. Many overlooks, pullouts, and lesser-known hikes (Mauna Ulu, Pu`uloa Petroglyphs) abound, and it’s an ideal way to avoid the crowds and see more of what the park offers.
The best time to observe the glow from Halema`uma`u is before sunrise or after 9 p.m., when most visitors have left. The park is open 24 hours a day.

Jaggar Museum is the closest visitors can get to the summit eruption’s glowing lava lake, and it’s the park’s most popular spot after 5:30 p.m. More than 6,670 people were counted at Jaggar Museum one night in late December. If avoiding peak hours is not possible, work with park staff who are re-routing overflow traffic to Kilauea Overlook. Bring a flashlight and a jacket for the short walk to Jaggar Museum, or consider observing the glow from a less-crowded location, like Keanakako`i, `Akanikolea (Steam Vents), or Kilauea Iki Overlook.

Mauna Loa Road is well worth exploring during peak hours, especially in good weather. Kipukapuaulu offers an easy, forested hike, and views and birdwatching are excellent along the way to the Mauna Loa Overlook at 6,662 feet.

Yellow `ohi`a lehua Photo by David Boyle

Visit Kahuku, which is free, never crowded, and open to the public every Saturday and Sunday.
“With a little planning and preparation, it’s easy for visitors to avoid the crowds and have a safe and memorable park visit,” said Acting Superintendent Rhonda Loh.

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PARTICIPANTS BRING LUNCH AND LEARN about the vital role of `ohi`a lehua in native Hawaiian forests, the many forms of the `ohi`a lehua tree and its flower during a free program Saturday at 9:30 a.m. at Kahuku Unit of Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park. 985-6011

SUPPORT OUR SPONSORS AT PAHALAPLANTATIONCOTTAGES.COM AND KAUCOFFEEMILL.COM. KA`U COFFEE MILL IS OPEN SEVEN DAYS A WEEK.

Wood Valley horses graze peacefully among coffee trees as residents continue to recover from last weekend's storm. Some homes remain without phones and electricity, though all power lines have been restored to their properties. Photo by Julia Neal

HAWAI`I COUNTY WINDWARD PLANNING COMMISSION has approved funding for a baseline and prospective psycho-social impact assessment to identify adverse impacts on Native Hawaiians associated with the development of geothermal energy generation facilities.

Palikapu Dedman Image from Big Island Video News

Puna Pono Alliance, Pele Defense Fund, Sierra Club-Moku Ola Group, `Ohana Ho`opakele and Malu `Aina filed the claim for the study.
The claim also includes a request that the commission establish a Native Hawaiian Health Study Review Board to provide advice regarding conduct of the study and keep the commission informed about its progress.
Pele Defense Fund President Palikapu Dedman testified about geothermal impacting Native Hawaiian culture and religion. “You know what this is? Cultural racism,” he told the commission. “You impose yours on mine. Respect the host people.”
Along with the nearly $300,00 approved yesterday, the planning commission last year approved $750,000 for a three-year geothermal health study, but, according to Tom Callis, of Hawai`i Tribune-Herald, it did not include Native Hawaiian issues.
Callis reported Commissioner Charles Heaukulani saying, “There’s no question that kanaka maoli are adversely impacted. I support this without reservation.”

See hawaiitribune-herald.com and bigislandvideonews.com.
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PAHOA CONTINUES TO ADJUST to threats of lava changing the way of life there.
Hawaiian Volcano Observatory and county Civil Defense report that lava remains stalled about a half mile from the intersection of Pahoa Village Road and Hwy 130, but breakouts continue upslope. One, about two miles above the highway, is moving northeast and could possibly cross Hwy 130 near Maku`u Farmers Market.
According to HVO geologist Mike Poland, the past few months are a lesson on how pahoehoe lava flows work. They surge forward, broaden, inflate and send out new arms.

County Civil Defense map shows past and present lava activity mauka of Pahoa.

Now that the lava flow heading toward Pahoa Marketplace has slowed down considerably, CU Hawai`i’s Pahoa branch will reopen with limited services on Monday. In preparation for the possible arrival of lava, the branch closed on Dec. 18 and moved employees and equipment out of harm’s way.
Until an evacuation notice from Civil Defense, members who use the Pahoa branch may obtain cash from the ATM and conduct other transaction services through the remote teller station units. Members will be able to purchase negotiable instruments, such as cashier checks, money orders, and temporary checks. Members will also be able open new accounts and apply for loans.
Services such as notary, signature guarantees, account reconciliation, wire transfers and plastic card re-pinning will not be available. Other branches across Hawai`i Island, including Na`alehu, can assist members with these services.
For more information, see www.cuhawaii.com or call a CU Hawai`i member service representative at 933-6700.
The Railroad Avenue alternate access road that was opened in advance of lava possibly covering Hwy 130 has been closed to all traffic. According to Civil Defense, this closure is necessary for road maintenance and to preserve the road until such time that it is needed, and alternate access roads will be opened well in advance of any threat or impact of the lava flow.
Hours of operation at the Pahoa Transfer Station public lava viewing area have been adjusted effective today. New hours of 10 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. daily are based on peak hours of visitation.

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Sen. Mazie Hirono

SEN. MAZIE HIRONO HAS BEEN NAMED the ranking member on the Senate Armed Services Committee’s Subcommittee on Seapower. The assignment places Hirono in position to oversee matters directly relating to the U.S. Navy and U.S. Marine Corps.

“I am proud to serve as the ranking Democrat on the Subcommittee on Seapower,” Hirono said. “There exists a strong relationship between Hawai`i and the Navy and Marine Corps. Hawai`i’s role is further enhanced as we continue our nation’s rebalance to the Asia-Pacific. Headquartered in Hawai`i, the U.S. Pacific Fleet and U.S. Marine Forces Pacific’s area of responsibility covers more than half of the earth’s surface. I look forward to working with Sen. Roger Wicker, the subcommittee’s new Chairman, to ensure that the Navy and Marine Corps are capable of keeping America and its interests secure.”
The Subcommittee on Seapower is responsible for overseeing the vast majority of Navy and Marine Corps programs, Marine Corps ground forces, Navy and Marine Corps helicopters, Navy and Marine Corps research and development and strategic sealift and airlift research and development programs. The U.S. Pacific Fleet consists of approximately 200 ships, 600 aircraft, five aircraft carrier strike groups and 140,000 sailors and civilians. U.S. Marine Forces Pacific includes two Marine Expeditionary Forces, 86,000 personnel and 640 aircraft. Hawai`i is home to Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam, Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard and Intermediate Maintenance Facility, Pacific Missile Range Facility and Marine Corps Base Hawai`i. Land & Sea Science Camp will be held June 29 to July 8, and Air & Space Science Camp from July 9 to 18.

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Science Campers participated in a Ka`u beach cleanup last year. Registration
for this year's camp is now open. Photo from Science Camps of America

DATES ARE SET FOR SUMMER 2015 Science Camp for Teens Hawai`i. Headquartered in Pahala, campers explore “Nature’s Perfect Laboratory” – the Big Island of Hawai`i.

Science Camp is an opportunity for teens to get out into the field to learn science, do science, meet scientists, make new friends and enjoy a once-in-a-lifetime experience. Each day of camp, participants head out across the island to learn about volcanoes, the ocean, plants, animals, stars and more.
A limited number of positions for counselors-in-training are available for teens ages 17 through19. Counselors-in-Training should be able to attend both sessions of Science Camp and are required to arrive one day before the start of camp.
One of the field trips during Science Camp in 2014 was to South Point, where campers learned about ocean currents, plastic debris in the ocean and on beaches and then conducted a beach cleanup.
Campers in the first session used the debris to make trash art which was then displayed at Science Camp’s booth at Volcano Village’ Fourth of July Festival. Science campers and staff were also in the Fourth of July parade that day, helped run the Keiki Games and offered science demonstrations for everyone to enjoy.
“The beach cleanups and Fourth of July activities were great opportunities for Science Campers to participate in and give something back to the Hawai`i Island community which offers such a wonderful home for Science Camp,” said founder Michael Richards.
Registration is now open. Scholarships and financial aid are available.

See sciencecampsamerica.com.

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An exhibit of John D. Dawson's paintings opens tomorrow.
Photo from Volcano Art Center

OVER & UNDER: MORE OF HIS NATURE opens Saturday at Volcano art Center Gallery in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park. The exhibit features original paintings by wildlife artist John D. Dawson, whose artwork and illustrations accompany park maps and interpretive signs, along with a collection of art on display in the renovated Kilauea Visitor Center.

Regarding the exhibit, which follows one in 2013, Dawson said, “I love being in the field, so we kept going out and taking in whatever was interesting and inspiring. From all that effort the new show developed and opened up on its own. As an artist, it is always exciting to still be discovering and learning. That curiosity seemed to propel this new art. I’m happy that this new work is helping to expand my vision and to look further under the sea and into the clouds and beyond.”
The gallery is open daily from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Opening reception begins at 5 p.m. Free; park entrance fees apply.

Palm Trail at Kahuku is the site of a guided hike Sunday. Photo from NPS

KAHUKU UNIT OF HAWAI`I VOLCANOES NATIONAL PARK offers free programs this weekend.

Tomorrow at 10:30 a.m., participants can bring lunch and learn about the vital role of `ohi`a lehua in native Hawaiian forests, the many forms of the `ohi`a lehua tree and its flower.
Palm Trail Hike on Sunday from 9:30 a.m. to 12:30 p.m. is a moderately difficult 2.6-mile loop trail that provides one of the best panoramic views Kahuku has to offer.

DURING THEIR SUNDAY WALK IN THE PARK from 12 p.m. to 2 p.m. Friends of Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park meet at Kilauea Visitor Center to explore Sulfur Banks and `Ilahi Trails. Non-members may join the group in order to attend. Call 985-7373 to sign up.

SUPPORT OUR SPONSORS AT PAHALAPLANTATIONCOTTAGES.COM AND KAUCOFFEEMILL.COM. KA`U COFFEE MILL IS OPEN SEVEN DAYS A WEEK.

Ka`u residents can see one of the best panoramic views Kahuku has to offer during a guided hike tomorrow. Photo from NPS

MORE VISITORS FROM JAPAN COULD ONCE AGAIN fly directly to Hawai`i Island if the U.S Department of Transportation approves an application by Hawaiian Airlines.

Beginning June 1, Hawaiian would provide daily, nonstop service between Tokyo International Airport at Haneda and Kona International Airport. The airline’s action was prompted by the U.S. Department of Transportation’s decision last  month to review the public interest served by Delta Air Lines’ Seattle-Tokyo route after Delta reduced its frequency from daily to seasonal.

In its application, Hawaiian urges the DOT to reallocate Delta’s Haneda frequency based on market data, noting that Hawaiian’s Honolulu-Tokyo service has been “by far the most, if not only, successful route” of the four Haneda slot pairs granted to U.S. carriers in 2010.

Japan Airlines previously offered direct flights to Kona but ceased in October 2010 during bankruptcy reorganization after serving the market for 14 years.
Hawaiian calculates that the new service will provide an additional 39,000 visitors directly to Kona each year, generating 1,151 new jobs, $65 million in new direct spending and $117 million in total new sales.  
Hawaiian is asking for public support for this route in winning the right to provide this service. Residents can sign a petition in support of the application as well as use key arguments to write letters to U.S. DOT  Secretary Anthony Foxx. See http://action.hawaiianair.com/site/PageServer for more information.

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AS PART OF THE SIXTH ANNUAL Volcano Awareness Month on Hawai`i Island, USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory scientists, given the ongoing lava flow in lower Puna, are discussing HVO’s response to lava flows in the weekly issue of Volcano Watch. The topic is particularly poignant, since 2015 marks the 25th anniversary of lava flows inundating the Kalapana community. The scientists will discuss how HVO responds to threatening lava flows, how that response has changed over the past 25 years and how information is communicated to the public.

In May 1990, a television crew interviews then HVO Scientist-in-Charge Tom Wright
as lava flows burn vegetation in the background and inundate Kalapana. Such
interviews are now heavily supplemented by the Internet. Photo from HVO

“Those of you following the June 27th lava flow are aware that the most current information is posted online, with maps, photos and daily updates on both the HVO and Hawai`i County Civil Defense websites,” the article states. “In addition, Civil Defense messages are broadcast on the radio several times each day, and HVO’s Kilauea daily update is available as a recorded telephone message at 967-8862. Civil Defense and HVO also hold near-daily media briefings to assist local newspapers, online news sources and television news media (local and national) in their efforts to keep the public informed of the current lava flow activity.
“The County of Hawai`i has also hosted near-weekly meetings in Pahoa, enabling government and non-government agencies to provide general updates to a group audience and then interact one-on-one with the public to answer individual questions. People unable to attend these meetings can direct questions to HVO and Civil Defense via phone or email.

“Diverse approaches to communication allow the public to receive information through a variety of means. Some people rely on the Internet, while others prefer newspapers or favor the community meetings. Not all of these resources were available in 1990 — there was no Internet and no 24-hour news cycle. How, then, was information conveyed to the public during the lava flow crisis in Kalapana?
“Some of the tools and methods used today were pioneered decades ago, most notably the community meetings, which were employed in 1955 during a Kilauea East Rift Zone eruption and again in 1990. As lava approached Kalapana 25 years ago, Civil Defense and HVO held frequent community meetings (sometimes several per week!) at Kalapana’s Harry K. Brown Park (until it was destroyed by lava) and then in Pahoa.
“During the height of the crisis, HVO geologists were also on site to track lava flow activity and answer questions from residents. Maps were updated by hand and posted at the park so that people could see the extent and direction of the flows. Because large-scale plotters were not available at the time, maps for use in other locations had to be copied in Hilo as blueprints before being displayed.
“In 1990, newspaper, television and radio reports were the most effective means of providing information to large numbers of people, so a vital duty of HVO scientists was to update the activity for the press. Islandwide and beyond, the public eagerly sought reports and maps of the eruption to keep up with the changes.
“The biggest game-changer since 1990 is the development of the Internet, through which detailed information, such as maps and photographs from HVO and Civil Defense, can be quickly transmitted. In addition, island residents have created their own online forums to discuss and distribute information — for instance, the Puna message boards and various Facebook and Twitter accounts — many of which alert the community when new data are available.
“For many people, important sources of information are maps that show the location of current lava flow activity in relation to nearby communities. Next week, we'll examine how the creation of those maps can be aided by satellite data.”
Volcano Awareness Month is a joint effort of HVO in cooperation with Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park, University of Hawai`i at Hilo and Hawaiʻi County Civil Defense. For the complete schedule of events and more information about each talk, see HVO’s website at hvo.wr.usgs.gov.

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Kamehameha Schools Hawai`i is accepting applications for its summer
Explorations Series and summer school. Photo from ksbe.edu

APPLICATIONS FOR EXPLORATIONS SERIES: Halau Kupukupu Innovations Academy and summer school at Kamehameha Schools’ Hawai`i campus are now available. All summer program applications must be postmarked or hand-delivered to KS by Feb. 14.

Explorations Series is comprised of three different summer boarding programs: Ho`omaka`ika`i, Ho`olauna and Kiulia I Ka Pono. Each weeklong program targets specific grade levels and offers hands-on opportunities for haumana, with activities and huaka`i designed to cultivate an understanding of Hawaiian cultural traditions and knowledge.
Programs take place in a variety of locations throughout Hawai`i. The series is open to students who are currently in grades five through eight who are not enrolled in a Kamehameha Schools campus program. Students from Hawai`i, the continental United States and throughout the world are eligible to apply and attend these programs.
Call 808-534-8272, email hcbe@ksbe.edu or visit http://apps.ksbe.edu/hcbe for more information on the Explorations Series.
KS summer school programs are offered for students in kindergarten through grade 12. Summer school offers a number of enriching program options to keep students engaged in learning throughout the year.
For high school students, summer school is also an opportunity to earn credits and better prepare for the upcoming school year. KS Hawai`i campus is taking a new approach to summer learning this year with its Halau Kupukupu Innovations Academy. This summer, new and innovative courses at all levels have been developed to challenge keiki and `opio with rigorous and authentic culture-based STEAM (science, technology, engineering, the arts and math) curriculum. Halau Kupukupu is intended to maximize the opportunities of summer and pilot new curricular design which bridges KS regional and community resources. The course catalog highlights all of the new course offerings. Visit hawaii.ksbe.edu and click on the summer school link for more information.
To apply for any of these summer programs, applications and additional information can be downloaded at ksbe.edu/admissions or call 808-842-8800 to request a mailed application. Applications are also available and can be turned in to KS Resource Centers. Visit http://apps.ksbe.edu/resourcecenters/ to find the nearest location.

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KA`U HIGH SCHOOL’S soccer and basketball teams are finishing up a busy week today. Soccer team travels to Kealakehe for a match at 3 p.m., and girls basketball teams host Hilo at 6 p.m.

On Thursday, the soccer team lost to Kona 6-0. Originally scheduled for Sunday, Jan. 4, the match had to be re-scheduled due to road closures and strong winds.
Yesterday, Waiakea boys basketball teams came to Ka`u and overcame both home teams. Junior Varsity  score was 48-37,  with Jacob Flores as high scorer with 14  points.   Brian Gascon’s 16 points contributed to Varsity’s 42 points, but Waiakea scores 76.
Kealakehe also won against the Trojan boys basketball teams on Tuesday, with a JV score of 27-57 and a Varsity score of 27-75.
Girls basketball teams traveled to Kohala Wednesday, where both teams lost – JV 22-51 and Varsity 44-63.

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PALM TRAIL HIKE AT KAHUKU UNIT of Hawai`i Volcanoes national Park tomorrow from 9:30 a.m. to 12:30 p.m. is a moderately difficult 2.6-mile loop trail that provides one of the best panoramic views Kahuku has to offer.

DURING THEIR SUNDAY WALK IN THE PARK tomorrow from 12 p.m. to 2 p.m., Friends of Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park meet at Kilauea Visitor Center to explore Sulfur Banks and `Ilahi Trails. Non-members may join the group in order to attend. Call 985-7373 to sign up.

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Kilauea Volcano's dual personality is the topic at After Dark in the Park Tuesday. At left is Kilauea's explosive eruption in 1924 and, at right, its quiet effusion of lava at ocean entry in 2002. Photos from USGS/HVO

NEW YEAR’S EVE WAS NOT ONLY THE LAST day of 2014, but it also marked retirement of Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park master mechanic Harold Mulliken. Born and raised in Volcano, Hawai`i, Mulliken served his “playground” for nearly 25 years.

Mulliken started his career in 1990, fixing all types of vehicles and equipment. He also assisted paving roads and making trails in the park, worked as a backup driver and heavy equipment operator and helped build a coastal shelter to assist Hawai`i Island Hawksbill Turtle Recovery Project, among many other projects.

NPS Photo of Harold Mulliken by David Boyle

“There was never a time Harold wasn’t willing to help out or try something new. His positive ‘anything-is-possible’ attitude helped to create the infrastructure of the park today,” said Jon Mitsuda, Acting Roads & Trails Supervisor. “We are going to miss not just his skill set, but his teamwork mentality.”
Mulliken’s children and wife Annabelle have also worked as park employees over the years. In his retirement, he plans to explore the national parks on the mainland with Annabelle and restore his fleet of 12 Mustangs.

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“SHOULD THE PUBLIC BE ALLOWED TO GET INVOLVED in the greatest energy event of the century?” asks Life of the Land Director Henry Curtis, who partipates in many energy cases before the Public Utilities Commission.
“Many energy experts are asserting that the proposed NextEra takeover of the local electric utilities is the most important energy event of the decade or the century,” Curtis states on his blog at ililanimedia.blogspot.com. “There are many ways the public can get involved, from writing letters to the editor to testifying at legislative hearings. The single most critical juncture is the Public Utilities Commission.
“The PUC will open a regulatory procedure (docket) to investigate the sale of HECO, MECO and HELCO to NextEra. Anyone can intervene in the process. The PUC has accepted and designated party status to individuals, unregistered associations, non-profits, energy trade groups, power producers and utilities.
“The PUC has also rejected perhaps half of all entities seeking intervention. In general the PUC is more open to intervention in policy dockets and more restrictive in applications.

“The PUC must determine whether the NextEra takeover is in the public interest, where public interest is undefined. …
“The PUC could put a very narrow focus on the proceedings. The PUC could say, ‘We will look only at the sale. What happens after the sale is subject to PUC approval and therefore we can force NextEra to develop a plan that is in the public interest.’
“Or the PUC could take a liberal approach and assert that anyone seeking to take over the local utilities should explain what their plans are and that those plans should be scrutinized in advance of any takeover.
“The PUC could take the position that the plans should be developed first, and then the PUC should decide whether the NextEra buyout makes sense.
“Thus a lot of what comes next, of how the community can get involved, and how liberal the PUC will be on allowing involvement will depend upon an agency that is currently without a leader. An agency which has had a number of key staff attorneys and engineers stolen by the regulated utility in the past year.
“The usual suspects will file motions to intervene. They are energy companies, energy trade groups, long-time utility watchdog Life of the Land, and perhaps some other community groups such as Puna Pono Alliance.
“The question is, ‘Should the larger community get involved by intervening?’
“Intervention can be done electronically. The fee is $15. The regulatory proceeding will last 12 to 18 months. There may be a hearing on O`ahu, but for the most part everything can be done by email and snail mail. Parties can work in coalitions with other parties.
“The merger issues could touch on every aspect of society. Should Hawai`i’s electric utility promote concentrating power or decentralized power, large wind and solar facilities or rooftop solar, island-by-island solutions or one statewide electric grid interconnected through underwater high voltage transmission lines, fracked liquefied natural gas, geothermal.
“One thing is clear. Those who file motions to intervene can appeal the outcome. Those who do not file motions to intervene will not be involved in this critical aspect of the proposed transition.
“The Hawai’i Public Utilities Commission Hawai`i Administrative Rules of Practice and Procedure state explicitly what must be in every motion to intervene. The PUC website explains how one files a completed document.
“Sometime in the next four weeks HECO and Nextera will file an application with the Public Utilities Commission requesting approval to merge. At that point intervenors will have twenty days to file motions to intervene.”

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At perehilion, the Earth reaches its closest approach to the sun.
Graph from NASA

THE SUN’S PHYSICAL EFFECTS ON EARTH are topics of the January issue of Stars Over Ka`u by astronomer Lew Cook.

“As we welcome the New Year, the sun approaches as close to us as it will get this year,” Cook states. “It is odd that what passes for winter in Hawai`i occurs at the time when earth reaches perihelion (closest approach to the sun) in its orbit. But consider those who reside in the southern hemisphere. The peak of the summer happens to coincide with Earth’s perihelion. And six months later, the opposite happens: Earth is farthest from the sun during our summer while in the south, it is winter.
“After sunset, when does it get dark? The Federal Aviation Administration turns on airports’ beacons when the sun is just below the horizon. In most jurisdictions, the police require you to turn on auto headlights when the sun is six degrees below the horizon. That is the end of civil twilight. You can still see clearly, but aided by lights, you can see better. After that is nautical twilight, when the brighter stars are visible, and so is the horizon. This enables sailors to see both their navigation stars and the horizon. Finally, we enter astronomical twilight. Most of us consider the sky dark then, but the faintest stars aren’t quite visible, nor are the nebulae that professional and amateur astronomers like to study. Astronomical twilight lasts from the time that the sun is 12 degrees below the horizon – the end of nautical twilight – until the time the sun is below the horizon by 18 degrees.

“The length of twilight – whichever one you mean – depends upon your latitude. Its duration is shortest in the tropics and lengthens toward the poles. Here is an example for Jan. 15: comparing Pahala to Anchorage, Alaska:

Pahala begin civil twilight 6:35 a.m., Anchorage begin civil twilight 9:01 a.m.;
Pahala Sunrise 6:58 a.m., Anchorage Sunrise 9:58 a.m.:
Pahala Sunset 6:05 p.m., Anchorage Sunset 4:22 p.m.;
Pahala end civil twilight 6:28 p.m., Anchorage end Civil Twilight 5:18 p.m.

See kaucalendar.com or the current issue of The Ka`u Calendar.”

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KA`U HIGH GIRLS BASKETBALL TEAMS hosted Hilo yesterday. The Trojans wahine were not able to keep up with the visitors. Junior Varsity lost 5-41, and Varsity lost 17-55. Bridget Pasion was Ka`u’s high scorer, with eight points.

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VOLCANO AWARENESS MONTH CONTINUES with Tuesday’s after Dark in the Park program, Kilauea Volcano’s Dual Personality: A Historical Perspective.
Kilauea is temperamental, alternating between quiet effusion of lava and violent explosive eruptions. Each eruptive style lasts for centuries and reflects very different conditions in the caldera. USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory geologist Don Swanson looks at what we know and don’t know about these conditions.
The current effusive nature is beguiling but misleading, for the volcano has been explosive for 60 percent of the past 2,500 years. From a historical perspective, there is reason to think that the Pu`u `O`o eruption may be a prelude to an explosive period.
The free program begins at 7 p.m. at Kilauea Visitor Center Auditorium.

VOLCANO ART CENTER PRESENTS  Love the Arts 2015, Abracadabra! The Magic of Art, Saturday, Feb. 7 from 5 p.m. to 9 p.m. for its annual gala fundraiser at  VAC’s Niaulani Campus in Volcano Village.   Gourmet food, wines and live silent auctions support future Volcano Art Center  programs and activities.

Tickets are $55 for VAC members , $60 for non-members and  $65 at the door  . Tickets are available at VAC’s Niaulani Campus, VAC’s Gallery in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park, Banyan Gallery in Hilo and The Most Irresistible Shop in Hilo. Purchasers may also call 967-8222  or go online at www.volcanoartcenter.org  .

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