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A REMINDER TO GET HELP TO GROW FOOD came from state House of Representatives member Jeanne Kapela on Saturday. Kapela is the incumbent running for re-election for the district that has expanded to include all of Kaʻū into Kona. She noted that Hawai'i households in food-insecure areas areeligible for up to $5,000 for small-scale gardening, herding and livestock operations grants through the state Department of Agriculture. Eligible projects include purchase of soil, animals, plants, seeds and refrigeration for small-scale farming, as well as constructing and repairing fencing for livestock. To fill out the Farming Gran Application, see:
https://hdoa.hawaii.gov/add/md/mgfsp-application-fy21/. For more info, see https://hdoa.hawaii.gov/blog/main/nr22-12mgfsp/ Kapela's message said, "Together we are growing a more sustainable future for our community and our keiki. I look forward to working with you to ensure that our state's small farmers are given the resources they need to strengthen food security for Hawai'i."
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CANDIDATE FOR GOVERNOR DUKE AINOA FOCUSED ON HOUSING THIS WEEK, announcing that it is the most important issue facing the public and promising town hall meetings across the state to discuss it.
Duke Aiona and Junior Tupai run for Governor and Lt. Governor of Hawai'i. Photo from Aiona |
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To read comments, add your own, and like this story, see www.facebook.com/kaucalendar. See latest print edition at wwwkaucalendar.com. See upcoming events at https://kaunewsbriefs.blogspot.com/2022/04/upcoming-events-for-kau-and-volcano.html.
ST. JUDE'S IN OCEAN VIEW offers a church service live and by zoom on Sunday at 9:30 a.m. For those who are unable to attend in person, the Zoom link is https://us02web.zoom.us/j/85987340947pwd=VmJOUWkvM3lCT0N2cVN2RUFiM1kzQT09.
Meeting ID is 859 8734 0947. Passcode is Aloha. The Rev. Angus Aagaard is officiating the month of September
St. Jude's Episcopal Church also offers free food on Saturdays from 9 a.m. to noon, or until food runs out. During the same time, it offers free showers until noon and a use of computers until 1 p.m.
VOLCANOLOGY LAB AT HAWAIIAN VOLCANO OBSERVATORY has been purchased, installed and collaborated. The funding came from the Disaster Relief Act of 2019. It is the subject of this week's Volcano Watch, written by USGS scientists and affiliates, who describe the new lab:
"It is a unique combination of 13 instruments that will provide exciting new insights into the density, size, shape and componentry of volcanic rocks.What are these instruments and what do they tell us about the samples they analyze? Well, before any sample from an eruption can be processed, it must be dried of any rainwater. The first instrument is a
scientific oven that’s about the same size as one in your kitchen. This provides ample drying space to fit most of a large sample, or many small samples so that material can be analyzed quickly.
Next, there are six instruments focused exclusively on density. Density is important to analyze because it’s indicative of the gas-to-rock ratio that causes magma to erupt.
To measure density, we need to weigh the sample and divide that by the sample volume. Weighing a sample is easy and uses a scale like the one you may have at home. The volume, however, is tricky to measure because volcanic products don’t have regular shapes. Traditionally, measuring volume is done by waterproofing a rock with wax and thensubmerging it in water. Archimedes’ Principle tells us that the volume of water displaced is equal to the volume of the rock. The waterproofing process can be laborious, meticulous, and time consuming when
done by hand, but a thermo-vacuum machine fits a waterproof plastic sheet around the rock in seconds.Another fast way to measure volume is with a pycnometer. HVO’s new lab has four of these instruments, which provide volume measurements for ash and foams (lava rocks with bubbles, called reticulite). Most often the pycnometers will be used for density of fine-grained samples like ash or individual fragments up to golf-ball-sized scoria or reticulite.
The sixth density-oriented machine is a 3D scanner, which scans a sample and creates a 3D model of it from which the volume is calculated. In the lab, the scanner can measure the volume for golf ball to football sized samples or it can also be detached and used on larger objects in the field.
Kealakomo Overlook is Open Funded with Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park entrance fee dollars, the old wooden deck at Kealakomo on Chain of Craters is rebuilt and improved. Visitors find sweeping views from the windy escarpment where Kealakomo overlook is is perched at 2,000 ft (600 m) above Hōlei Pali, along the Hilina fault system. The overlook provides views of Kīlauea volcano, old lava flows, and the vast Pacific Ocean. Download the NPS App and take the Chain of Craters Road Driving Tour to learn more: https://go.nps.gov/appdownload NPS Photo |
Once the density is determined, the sample then moves to particle analyzers that measure size and shape of small grains. Grain size and shape are important to analyze because both parameters determine how far the fragments of lava can travel in the air. Size helps geologists determine the level of eruption explosivity, while the shape of shattered lava fragments indicate how the magma erupted explosively.
The final four instruments are microscopes. Two stereographic microscopes are used to inspect the components in the eruption: freshly erupted materials such as glass, pele’s hair, pele’s tears, and ash, or older fragments of rock (called lithics) and minerals. This componentry helps geologists understand the dynamics of the eruption.
Two petrographic microscopes are used for documenting minerals and vesicle (bubble) textures: mineral type, chemical structures, crystal zoning patters and the shape of vesicles, presence of micro fractures, and other features. These mineral characteristics help geologists determine how deep magma originates, how fast it rises, and potential eruption triggers while the vesicle traits and fractures indicate fragmentation mechanisms and fluid dynamic processes.
HVO’s new physical volcanology laboratory will be able to quickly process eruption samples, providing insights during an eruption crisis. Ultimately, this can lead to better constraints on eruption models and allow scientists to provide better hazard assessments. The new lab will be a resource for not only HVO but other volcano observatories and their collaborators across the globe as well.
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